A.P. J. Abdul Kalam [1931] : President of India

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Born on 15th October 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, specialized in Aeronautical Engineering from Madras Institute of Technology. Dr. Kalam made significant contribution as Project Director to develop India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully injected the Rohini satellite in the near earth orbit in July 1980 and made India an exclusive member of Space Club. He was responsible for the evolution of ISRO's launch vehicle programme, particularly the PSLV configuration. After working for two decades in ISRO and mastering launch vehicle technologies, Dr. Kalam took up the responsibility of developing Indigenous Guided Missiles at Defence Research and Development Organisation as the Chief Executive of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP). He was responsible for the development and operationalisation of AGNI and PRITHVI Missiles and for building indigenous capability in critical technologies through networking of multiple institutions. He was the Scientific Adviser to Defence Minister and Secretary, Department of Defence Research & Development from July 1992 to December 1999. During this period he led to the weaponisation of strategic missile systems and the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in collaboration with Department of Atomic Energy, which made India a nuclear weapon State. He also gave thrust to self-reliance in defence systems by progressing multiple development tasks and mission projects such as Light Combat Aircraft.

As Chairman of Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) and as an eminent scientist, he led the country with the help of 500 experts to arrive at Technology Vision 2020 giving a road map for transforming India from the present developing status to a developed nation. Dr. Kalam has served as the Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India, in the rank of Cabinet Minister, from November 1999 to November 2001 and was responsible for evolving policies, strategies and missions for many development applications. Dr. Kalam was also the Chairman, Ex-officio, of the Scientific Advisory Committee to the Cabinet (SAC-C) and piloted India Millennium Mission 2020.

Dr. Kalam took up academic pursuit as Professor, Technology & Societal Transformation at Anna University, Chennai from November 2001 and was involved in teaching and research tasks. Above all he took up a mission to ignite the young minds for national development by meeting high school students across the country.

In his literary pursuit four of Dr. Kalam's books - "Wings of Fire", "India 2020 - A Vision for the New Millennium", "My journey" and "Ignited Minds - Unleashing the power within India" have become household names in India and among the Indian nationals abroad. These books have been translated in many Indian languages.

Dr. Kalam is one of the most distinguished scientists of India with the unique honour of receiving honorary doctorates from 30 universities and institutions. He has been awarded the coveted civilian awards - Padma Bhushan (1981) and Padma Vibhushan (1990) and the highest civilian award Bharat Ratna (1997). He is a recipient of several other awards and Fellow of many professional institutions.

Dr. Kalam became the 11th President of India on 25th July 2002. His focus is on transforming India into a developed nation by 2020.

Ref:

http://presidentofindia.nic.in/

Ahmadullah Shah : Freedom Fighter

by Dr. SAIYID ZAHEER HUSAIN JAFRI

That Ahmadullah Shah was one of the central figures in the popular uprising of 1857 in Awadh becomes clear when we reconstruct his life and activities. Using hitherto lesser-used sources, such as personal memoirs of the British officers who participated in crushing the uprising, daily official despatches and Urdu biographies, newspapers and short notices, Ahmadullah Shah emerges as perhaps the only person praised even by his British adversaries. Colonel G.B. Malleson in his ëIndian Mutinyí says, "The Moulvie was a very remarkable man. Of his capacity as a military leader, many proofs were given during the revolt... No other man could boast that he has twice foiled Sir Colin Campbell in the field." It may be recalled that Sir Colin Campbell, hero of the Crimean War, was the commander-in-chief of the British forces in the subcontinent at that time.

The perception about Ahmadullah Shah, whether in the narration of the victors or that of the vanquished, is almost identical on the points of his 'brilliant ideas' and 'tactical skills'. The nobility of his character was so well known that Hindus and Muslims both accepted him as their undisputed leader when they broke open the gates of Fyzabad prison where he was lodged on charges of causing 'sedition' among them. He had the additional virtue of chivalry and humanism for in his entire career he had not stained his sword by assassination. These qualities become extraordinarily noble when we find him thanking Colonel Lennox (his jailor at Fyzabad who was to send him to the gallows) for his permission to allow him use of a hookah while he was a prisoner.

Ahmadullah Shah has won universal praise by modern writers who have studied this short but heroic phase of India's resistance against colonial domination. Historians like R.C. Majumdar and V.D. Savarkar have used superlatives to describe his role, while Tara Chand, S.N. Sen, Syed Moinul Haq, Abrar Husain Faruqi and Ghulam Rasul Mehr and a host of Urdu writers have praised his leadership qualities.

Born in the second decade of the 19th century as Saiyid Ahmad Ali Khan alias Ziauddin, titled Dilawar Jang, he was a son of Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan of Chinapattan (Madras). He received, as a prince, the best education of the time. He completed his studies in classical languages and traditional Islamic sciences (Tafsir, Hadith, Fiqh and logic) and also received extensive training in the art of Warfare. He seems to have acquired some knowledge of English. As an enterprising young prince his fame reached far and wide.

He visited Hyderabad as a guest of the Nizam in connection with a marriage proposal, and though the proposed marriage did not come off, he stayed in the city for quite some time. While at Hyderabad, the British officers formally requested his father to allow him to visit England. Thereafter, he proceeded to London, and had the opportunity to meet the King as well as some notables. Not much details of his stay at England are available, except the fact that he was allowed to display his skill in the use of arms at his own request. By the time he was back in India, he became inclined towards mysticism and after an intense search for a sufi guide, became a disciple of Saiyid Furqan Ali Shah, a saint of the Qadri order at Sambhar (Rajasthan) and remained with his pir for some time. From here he was directed by his spiritual guide to proceed to Gwalior. It was by his pir that he was called 'Ahmadullah Shah', a title by which he became known afterwards.

This was a time when the Muslim mystics were actively preaching resistance to the British rule and asking people to wage a holy war (jehad). Therefore, although the Qadris are averse to the very idea of musical gatherings (sama), we find these parties being used as an opportunity to gather support for jehad. Accordingly, Ahmadullah Shah reached Agra with a large number of disciples (murids). He rented a palatial house and kept naqqaras (drums) at the gate which were beaten five times a day. As his popularity grew, so did the number of his murids. Audition parties (majlis-i-qawwali) were arranged. It came to be believed that 'neither fire can burn his disciples, nor swords can do any harm to them.' During the course of these musical sessions, Ahmadullah Shah was fond of practising meditation, by holding his breath for a long duration (habs-i dam). It was during one such 'ecstasy' that he predicted that 'from this date after six months, there will be great disturbance in the territories of the government.'

It seems that at Agra he was very vocal against the British. As a result, complaints were lodged with the British authorities to the effect that, 'he is a dervesh only in name, actually he is a prince and is preparing the masses to wage a war against the government.' However, no action was initiated against him.

Sometimes afterwards he again went to Gwalior from where he proceeded to Lucknow, the capital city of the recently
annexed kingdom of Awadh, arriving there in November 1856. His arrival in the city was reported in the weekly newspaper of Lucknow, 'Tilism', on 21st November, 1856, in the following manner:

These days a person called Ahmadullah Shah in disguise of a faqir but having all the paraphernalia of royalty has arrived in the town... People ... visit him in a large number on Mondays and Thursdays to take part in mystic gatherings (majlis-i hal-o-qal). A number of feats are performed at these gatherings...Such display takes place every morning and evening for the masses...

The impact of these gatherings on the population of Lucknow can be gauged by the next report of Tilism, which appeared two months later. On 30th January, 1857, it was reported:

Ahmadullah Shah... is very fearless in saying whatever he wishes to say and a large crowd is always there... Although he is unable to do anything, orally he always pleads for 'jehad.'

Certainly, his call for jehad bore fruit. The news was leaked to the British and this time, the kotwal (a police official) was sent asking him to give up the call of jehad and to surrender his arms and ammunitions. Shah tried to convince the kotwal, who was also a Muslim, about the morality of jehad, but he was not convinced. The English thought it necessary to post some sepoys to check the inflow of the visitors and even to record their names. At the same time orders were issued to the thanedar (a police official) of Chinibazar for putting curbs on his activities. Finally, Ahmadullah Shah was forced to leave the town and go wherever he wanted along with his arms. This order was not resisted by him.

Ahmadullah Shah now left Lucknow, headed for Bahraich, with ten or twelve men. However, he halted at Fyzabad
where a hall was constructed near the Chawk sarai, where he was staying. Once again he started preaching jehad. Hardly two or three days had passed that the authorities got alarmed as 'chuprases' (peons) informed the magistrate of the dangerous implications of this man's preaching. Accordingly, the officer incharge of the city issued the necessary
orders for his arrest. The principal terms demanded from this Maulavi were that he and his armed followers, numbering
about seven, should give up their arms, which should be kept in safe custody. Further, that all this preaching and distribution of money, so conducive to disturbance of peace, should be entirely put to an end. This time, Ahmadullah
Shah made a deliberate refusal and early next morning, an infantry company attacked them. Ultimately, the Shah was
arrested and placed under guard in the cantonment as 'he seemed too dangerous a character to be kept in the city jail.' After a brief trial he was imprisoned in the district prison at Fyzabad.

With the outbreak of Mutiny at Fyzabad on 8th June 1857, the gates of the prison were broken open and Ahmadullah Shah was chosen by the mutineers as their leader. The notables of town presented themselves before him and offered nazr. This left him no choice but to assume leadership. At the time of the battle of Chinhat, he commanded both the
Hindu and Muslim sepoys of Fyzabad.

With the battle of Chinhat began the second phase of Ahmadullah Shah's career. Now, he was a busy commander of forces, planning attacks on the British positions and strengthening defences.

His first engagement with the British forces took place at Chinhat when the British made a surprise attack in the early
morning of 30th June 1857. The columns were hurriedly organised and Ahmadullah Shah and his contingent distinguished
themselves in hand to hand fight, capturing many assault guns. In inflicting a crushing defeat on the British, the Shah
had a very significant role. He wanted to take full advantage of confusion in the British camp, but other leaders failed to
realise the importance of such a strategic move. The Shah's contingent was left alone to pursue the enemy. For want of
joint action at the decisive movement, the English could consolidate their position. Anyway, the Shah led an assault on English fortifications (Residency) and suffered a bullet injury. Although he remained undeterred, 'there was a need for cannons and arrows, and not for lances and swords'. Therefore, the Shah had to beat a retreat. He now fixed his quarters at Tara Kothi, remaining there for quite some time.

Fateh Muhammad Taib, his disciple and author of his versified biography 'Tawarikh-i Ahmadi', tells us of the early estrangement between the Shah and Prince Birjis Qadar of Awadh's erstwhile ruling family. As the latter was still a
minor, and also a Shia, the Shah did not think he was fit to lead the war, which he still considered as a holy war (jehad). He was not willing to entrust the disciplining of the sepoys to the nominal authority of Birjis Qadar, whereas the situation at hand demanded that they be put under severe check. As a result of the military victory against the British, the sepoys had become very arrogant, causing much hardship to the inhabitants of the city by their indiscriminate plunder. On
the other hand, the followers of Ahmadullah Shah, who saw themselves as 'mujahidins', had come to acquire an inflated sense of importance. However, religious rhetoric did not prevent Ahmadullah Shah from lending full support to the attack on the British Residency. He personally participated in an assault on Baily Guard during which bullet pierced his right hand.

His biographer broadly confirms the general impression that at Lucknow the British position was threatened by two separate factions having conflicting and even contradictory interests, and hence the military leaders frequently changed
sides, quite often shifting their loyalties from one camp to another. But after the British capture of Lucknow, the Shah
became the main rallying point of anti-British forces. As such, a joint venture to fight the British was proposed by Prince
Birjis Qadar. The Shah readily agreed. In the ensuing fight, half-way through the battle the forces of the Prince withdrew,
leaving the ghazis to face the cannon fire of the English. Ultimately, the Shah was forced to retire to the palace at Gaughat. In this battle also he was severely wounded.

The common soldiers had utmost respect and consideration for Ahmadullah Shah and whenever he thought of going somewhere else, they prevailed over him to change his mind. It would appear that the entire responsibility for opposition to him lay with the sepoy leaders. At the same time, it must be conceded that the unruly mob of the sepoys was hardly under any one's control. The sepoy faction made an attempt on the life of Ahmadullah Shah, but the assassin was killed by his bodyguards.

Unable to hold his ground at Lucknow, Ahmadullah Shah decided to withdraw with his small following towards Sitapur
and established his headquarters at Bari. Hazrat Mahal (the mother of Prince Birjis Qadar) also thought it expedient to join him. Although the initial response of Ahmadullah Shah was cautious, he ultimately agreed. Reportedly, Prince Birjis Qadar offered him spiritual allegiance (bay'at), putting the entire management in Ahmadullah Shah's hands. The latter forced the officers of the Begum to part with their wealth, again causing much resentment. This was the cause of the new allies
ditching Ahmadullah Shah when he made a surprise attack on the Gorkha contingent of the British returning from Nepal after much plunder.

After suffering considerable losses at Bari, Ahmadullah Shah was forced to retire to Muhammadi. Here a last bid
was made to take a firm stand against the British. Although his health was fast deteriorating, he was the guiding spirit
behind all the planning. An envoy was sent to Nawab Khan Bahadur Khan of Bareily to request supply of lances. Although the envoy was received courteously, the lances were not supplied, as they were needed by the Bareily army itself.

It was at Muhammadi that Ahmadullah Shah declared himself to be an independent ruler. The coronation is said to have taken place on 15th March, 1858; coins were also struck, but none have apparently survived. The measure was probably resorted to boost the sinking morale of the fighting forces. It is said that at Muhammadi, he received many rebel leaders like Azeemullah Khan, Prince Firoz Shah, Nawab Bahadur Khan of Bareilly and one Ismail Khan.

Many details of the military campaigns of Ahmadullah Shah in Rohilkhand region are also found. A first hand account of
his assassination at Pawayan has been provided by Maulana Fazle Haq Khairabadi, who was an eye witness. In the reports of the British officers, there is an evident sense of relief upon obtaining the news of Ahmadullah Shah's death!

Such was the life of Ahmadullah Shah. Before the outbreak of mutiny, he carried on systematic propaganda in favour of
jehad in the present area of Uttar Pradesh, with considerable impact upon the popular mind, at least in Agra, Aligarh,
Lucknow and Fyzabad divisions. At the same time, he cannot be considered a lone preacher. Certainly, a significant role
must have been played by other spiritual leaders like Mehrab Shah Qadri, Lakkar Shah and others, about whom, unfortunately, very little is known.

The nation must acknowledge its great debt to Maulana Fazle Haq Khairabadi, a contemporary of Ahmadullah Shah, who
was exiled to Andaman prison. This prison was specially set up by the colonial tyrants after 1857 to house the 'most seditious and dangerousí of the 'rebels' away from the mainstream of the Indian nation.

It came to be known as Kala Pani (Black Water) in Hindi and, more evocatively as 'Saza habs-e dawam ba-ubur daryaeshur'- Punishment Beyond the Shores for Life in Urdu. It was here that Maulana Fazle Haq Khairabadi, instead of being put to hard labour, was asked to translate some classical Persian and Arabic works into Urdu. He took this opportunity to pen down 'Al Sauratul Hindiya', a Recollection of Events during 1857-59 in India. The work was later smuggled out of Andaman, preserving precious details about the life and times of Ahmadullah Shah. However, it could
only be published after India's independence in 1947.

The author is a Reader in the Department of History, Delhi University. His special area of study is the economic history of Awadh. Article first appeared in the March 2002 issue of India Perspective magazine.

Ahmed Deedat [1918-2005] : Dawah

Sheikh Ahmed Hoosen Deedat was Born on the 01 July 1918 in the Surat district of India in 1918. His father emigrated to South Africa in 1927 with him. Ahmed Deedat was a very bright student and excelled in school. Lack of finance interrupted his schooling and at an early age of 16 he took on the first of many jobs in retailing and short assistant.

After reading a book called Izharul Haq – The Truth revealed, a book about a debate with Christian Missionaries in the then British India, Sheikh Deedat was spurred on in the direction of Dawah – Islamic Missionary Activity to halt the tide of the then Christian onslaught against Islam.

Over the next four decades, he immersed himself into a host of activities. Conducting Bible classes, lectures and debates the world over. He established the first Islamic Seminary in Southern Africa to train propagators at Assalaam educational Institute - Braemar.

He is the founder of the largest Islamic Dawah Organization in the world, the Islamic Propagation Center International and became its president.

He has published more than 20 books and distributed millions of copies of FREE literature and pamphlets the world over. Many of Sheikh Deedat’s publications have been translated into the many different languages of the world : Russian, Urdu, Arabic, Bengali, Bangladeshi, French, Amharic, Chinese, Japanese, Mayalam, Indonesian,, Zulu , Afrikaans, Dutch, Norwegian amongst others.

He delivered thousands of lectures all over the world, crossing all the continents and successfully engaging some of the biggest names in Christian evangelists in public debates. Sheikh Deedat’s debates and lectures are available all over the world in the various languages in Video and DVD format.

His career in the field of Comparative Religion took him across all five continents and dialogue with the heads of the Protestant world in America and the late Pope John Paul.

So fearless was his stand in defending the truth that Sheikh Deedat was refused entry into France and Nigeria on the pretext that ‘ he would cause a civil unrest’.

Sheikh Deedat also received a personal phone call at the IPCI from former President Nelson Mandela who was in Saudi Arabia at the time, congratulating Deedat for his international icon status in the Muslim World.

He was awarded the prestigious King Faisal Award in 1986 for his sterling services to Islam in the field of Propagation.

Alefia Tundawala : Academia

Vision of a visionless girl

Kolkata, June 25(ANI): Alefia Tundawala, a 26-year-old visually challenged girl,has proved that physical disability can not stop anyone from dreaming and making efforts to realise the dreams.

In a society where people suffering from any disability have to face social ostracism, this girl has worked hard to overcome her handicap and make an impact on the community.

Alefia has selected 'Muslim in Search of Identity' as her research topic which she claims is a field least touched.

"I want to contribute my bit to the academic world. The subject that I have selected is a unique one. I want to redefine communalism." says Alefia Tundawala.

Alefia was born with impaired dark adaptation (night blindness). She lost her eyesight gradually but she developed courage to fight against all odds.

In her school and college days she used to receive help from a friend and never felt need to learn Braille, but as she started to work on her own, had to learn it.

For preparing her dissertation paper and later pursuing her PHD she relied on her computer and Braille typewriter.She has installed a special software in her computer called JAWS with which she scans her documents and storesis them in the computer.

For Hindi and Urdu literature she is helped by a personal assistant, who reads out to her the important documents relating Y to the research topic and records them in a recorder.

Yusuf Tundawala, father of this brave girl, is proud of her and wishes that his daughter's dream of becoming professor will come true. "She wants to become professor. She has done her MA and now she is pursuing PHD. We hope that she will get a job at a suitable place", he says.

Alefia's brother Moiz is also visually impaired and stands by his elder sister and escorts her along with his father. Her mother is a constant source of courage for Alefia.

The moral support of the family and her personal courage has helped Alifia move ahead towards her goal. (ANI)

http://in.news.yahoo.com/050625/139/5z3m3.html

Altamas Kabir [b.1948]: Judge, Supreme Court of India

Altamas Kabir, M.A.,LL.B.

19 Jul 1948: born.

1973: enrolled as an Advocate, and practised in the District Court and the Calcutta High Court in Civil and Criminal sides.

6 Aug 1990: appointed as a permanent Judge in the Calcutta High Court.

1 Mar 2005: appointed as a Chief Justice of the Jharkhand High Court.
9 Sep 2005: Appointed as a Judge, Supreme Court of India.

19 July 2013: Due to retire.

Anwarul Hoda [b.1938] : member, Planning Commission

Anwarul Hoda, IAS (Rtd.)

Member, Planning Commission, Government of India.
Date of Birth : 18.11.1938

Mr. Anwarul Hoda, former civil servant, joined the Indian Administrative Service in 1962. During the period 1963-1974 he worked in the state of Bihar. Among the assignments held by him in the state were District Magistrate, Muzaffarpur (1972-74), Managing Director Bihar State Financial Corporation (1970-72) and Deputy Secretary, Public Works Department (1967-70).

During the period 1974-81 and again 1985-93, he worked in the Government of India in the Ministry of Commerce and the last post held by him was Special Secretary in the Ministry. Throughout this period his main responsibility was multilateral trade negotiations under the auspices of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. He was the Chief Policy Coordinator in the Government of India during the Uruguay Round (1986-93).

In 1993 he was appointed as Deputy Director General ICITO/GATT and in 1995 he assumed charge as Deputy Director General, World Trade Organisation. On completion of his tenure in 1999 he was appointed Special Adviser to the Director General of WTO for the Ministerial Conference at Seattle. Before joining the Planning Commission he was Professor in the Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi.

Selected Publications:

1. Developing Countries in the International Trading System (Allied, 1987)
2. Tariff Negotiations and Renegotiations under the GATT and the WTO (Cambridge University Press, 2001)
3. WTO Agreement & Indian Agriculture (Social Science Press, 2002)
4. WTO, Agriculture Negotiations and Developing Countries: Lessons from the Indian Experience (forthcoming)

Ashfaqullah Khan [1900-1927] : Freedom Fighter

Ashfaqullah Khan

by Charu Bahri
indianmuslims.info

Ashfaqullah Khan was born in October 1900 to a middle class family of Shahjahanpur, a city that has played a very important role in India’s independence movement.

Shahjahanpur city was established by Diler Khan and Bahadur Khan, sons of a soldier in the army of the Mughal emperor Jehangir named Dariya Khan, on land granted to them in appreciation of their services by the subsequent Mughal heir Shahjahan.

Ashfaqullah Khan’s parents had high principles. His father Shafiqur Rahman worked for the police. Although Ashfaqullah was the youngest of six siblings, he harboured patriotic feelings from a young age. He is also said to have been a good poet.

He was initiated into the fredom struggle by Ramprasad Bismil, who hailed from the same city. The duo along with Roshan Singh created a society known as the Mitravedi Sangh led by Gendalal Dixit, to further the freedom struggle by fund-raising.

While they initially focused on collections from the public, the acute paucity of funds they faced inspired them to turn to theft. They believed the money they looted would be used for a good cause, the freedom struggle, as it would enable them to buy arms and ammunition.

These young freedom fighters sought the support of other leaders of the time, but after Mahatma Gandhi distanced himself from their efforts, Ramprasad Bismil founded the Hindustan Association under the leadership of Yogesh Chatterjee. Again, they focused on fund-raising and again when contributions fell short, they turned to robbery.

After a detailed meeting on August 8, 1925 in Shahjahanpur, the revolutionaries set out to rob the Government treasury passing by in a train the next day. Ashfaqullah Khan, Ramprasad Bismil and Chandrashekar Azad were the main conspirers and executors of this plot.

This robbery was successfully implemented and became known as the Kakori train robbery as it took place near Kakori railway station. However, Ashfaqullah Khan and 39 of his accomplices, including the other ring leaders from his city Ramprasad Bismil and Roshan Singh were arrested a few months later. Ashfaqullah was detained in the Faizabad jail. His brother Riyasatullah acted as his counsel and fought his case till the very end, when a death sentence was pronounced. In jail, Ashfaqullah was known to recite the Quran.

On 19 December 1927 Ashfaqullah Khan was hanged. Ramprasad Bismil and Roshan Singh were also hanged in the Gorakhpur and Allahabad prisons respectively.

There are two noteworthy mazars (memorials) in Shahjahanpur, established for Shahid Ahmad Ullah Shah, a remarkable freedom fighter of the 1857 struggle, and for Shahid Ashfaqallah Khan, reminding the world of their selfless sacrifices for their country. The road connecting these two mazars is called Shahid Ramprasad Bismil Marg.

Azim H Premji : Business

Azim Premji is the Chairman and Managing Director of Wipro Technologies. He lead Wipro to a global multi-billion dollar IT powerhouse. He is the richest man of India. He was awarded Padma Bhushan by the Govt. of India.

Azim has a degree in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University, USA.

http://www.wipro.com/aboutus/azim.htm

Begum Hazrat Mahal [ - 1874] : Freedom Fighter

Begum Hazrat Mahal

by Charu Bahri
indianmuslims.info

Begum Hazrat Mahal, also known as Begum of Avadh (Oudh), or the Rebel Begum, was part of the harem of King Wajid Ali Shah of Lucknow (Avadh). She belonged to a poor family from Faizabad and went by the name of Muhammadi Khanum prior to her marriage.

When they married, King Wajid Ali Shah granted her the title Iftikhar-un-Nisa (the Pride of all Women). After the birth of her only child, her son Birjis Qadr, he gave her the title Hazrat Mahal.

While Begum Hazrat Mahal was brought up to live a carefree life of abandon, she actually possessed a strong character that was resolutely expressed through the leadership she provided the province of Avadh commencing with her handling of the incident that shattered the Royal household, the deportation of King Wajid Ali Shah to Calcutta, leaving the kingdom without a leader.

After their victory at Chinhut near Lucknow in July 1857, the revolutionary forces of the First War of Independence captured Lucknow and lay siege to the Residency, British quarters. However, the city and the state were in chaos. The mutineers then realized the need for a royal persona under whose name they would be able to consolidate their position and bring together the diverse interests in the state. Begum Hazrat also appreciated the need for quick, astute action.

Joining hands with the mutineers, she made a show of her clever nature and political aspirations as she agreed to crown her minor son Birjis Qadr and name herself acting Regent. Interestingly, the other Begums were approached before her, but none agreed to crown their sons King, fearing the action that would follow. Indeed, Begum Hazrat Mahal was a courageous woman whose foresight helped motivate the people of Avadh against the British.

For six months this joint Government of revolutionaries led by Begum Hazrat controlled Lucknow. She used the seal of her son King Birjis Qadar to issue orders to the masses, zamindars and taluqdars to rebel against the British.

It is said that she toured the province to encourage rebellion and even appeared on elephant back on the battlefield to guide her troops. Her armies, numbering 150,000, were greater in number than what any other leader brought against the British in India. Throughout, she remained in direct correspondence with Nana Saheb, noble zamindar and taluqdar families and other royal kingdoms.

A true spirited stateswoman, she cared deeply for her people. To fortify the city of Lucknow against advancing British forces, she sanctioned five lakhs rupees to have a wall built round the city. She used all her cunning to make counter offers to Kings and noblemen the British approached for alliances, such as Rana Jang Bahadur of Nepal.

Begum Hazrat was the last leader to retreat when the mutineers were finally defeated in Lucknow in March 1858. Even so, she shifted base to the fort of Baundi (now in district Behraich, Uttar Pradesh) from where she continued to stir trouble against the British throughout the province. Determined not to fall into the hands of the British, she left the fort in December 1858, and wandered in dense jungles of the sub-Himalayan belt with a few faithful soldiers, until she finally crossed into Nepal and was granted residence by the King.

Begum Hazrat Mahal was made offers of the principality of Lucknow and a large annuity after her defeat but she openly scorned these attempts to mollify her. The thought of being made a puppet in the hands of the British was beneath her dignity.

She spent her entire wealth in sustaining those who traveled to Nepal with her, and lived the remaining 16 years of her life as a commoner. When she died in Kathmandu in 1874 there was not even sufficient money for a modest mausoleum on her grave. Indeed, this speaks greatly of her character, a great freedom fighter, an undying patriot who left an indelible mark on the annals of the Indian freedom struggle.

Links of Interest:

http://oudh.tripod.com/bhm/bhm.htm

Deen Mahomed [1759-1851]: soldier, writer, businessman

Mahomed, Deen [formerly Deen Mahomet] (1759–1851), shampooing surgeon and restaurateur, was born Deen Mahomet in May 1759, in Patna, Bihar, India, the younger son of an Indian officer in the East India Company's Bengal army. Both parents were Shi‘i Muslims claiming descent from Afshar Turk and Arab immigrants to India from Persia in the seventeenth century.

Mahomed, Deen (1759–1851), by Thomas Mann Baynes
Picture credit : Wellcome Library, London

After a traditional Islamic education in Patna, and his father's death fighting recalcitrant landholders in 1769, Mahomet left his mother to attach himself as camp follower to Ensign Godfrey Evan Baker of the Bengal army's 3rd European regiment. Together they marched widely across north India, subduing Indian villagers and regional rulers and blocking anticipated French invasions. Under Baker's patronage in 1781 Mahomet rose to the posts of market master and then jemadar (ensign) of the élite grenadier company of the 2nd battalion, 30th sepoy regiment, 2nd brigade. Mahomet fought skirmishes at Kalpi (April 1781) against Marathas and stormed Patita Fort (13 September 1781), rescuing Governor-General Warren Hastings from Raja Chayt Singh of Benares. Promoted subedar (lieutenant) in this regiment, Mahomet helped crush peasant resistance to British control in the Benares region.

Baker, after his recall in July 1782 for alleged extortion from villagers, resigned his captain's commission. Following Baker, Mahomet also resigned from the Bengal army and emigrated to Ireland. They sailed from Calcutta on the Danish vessel Christiansborg in January 1784, visiting Madras, St Helena, and Dartmouth (November 1784) en route to Cork, Baker's home town. Under Baker's patronage Mahomet studied to perfect his English. In 1786 he eloped with an Anglo-Irish gentlewoman, Jane Daly (b. c.1772). They had an Anglican marriage in Cork and Ross diocese, Mahomet having converted to this denomination. In 1794 he published his two-volume Travels of Dean Mahomet, a native of Patna in Bengal, through several parts of India, while in the service of the Honourable the East India Company written by himself, in a series of letters to a friend, the first book ever written and published in English by an Indian. This epistolary travel narrative recounted the Bengal army's conquest of India, Indian customs and cities, and Mahomet's autobiography. He elaborated his text with Latin quotations (from Seneca and Martial), citations from Goldsmith and Milton, a portrait of himself in European dress, and illustrations of an Indian sepoy and officer and the panoply of an Indian ruler. He secured the patronage of 320 élite British subscribers, testament to his standing as a man of letters.

By 1807 Mahomet had moved to London, accompanied by at least one son, William (c.1797–1833). Slight evidence suggests that his first wife, Jane Daly, may have died and that he married about this time another woman named Jane. Mahomet baptized two children at St Marylebone parish church: Amelia (1808–1894) and Henry Edwin (1810–1823). Mahomet worked for the Hon. Basil Cochrane, recently returned from India and made wealthy as a Madras civil servant and Royal Navy contractor. Cochrane established a charitable steam bath in his 12 Portman Square mansion, with Mahomet providing ‘shampooing’ (Indian therapeutic whole body massage). Other London bath house keepers soon imitated his shampooing method.

In 1810 Mahomet started the Hindostanee Coffee House, 34–5 George Street, Portman Square, proffering Indian cuisine and ambience, including hookahs (tobacco water pipes), bamboo furniture, and curries. He also adopted the honorific ‘sake’ (sheikh, ‘venerable one’) and altered his name from Mahomet to Mahomed. His restaurant attracted epicures but proved undercapitalized. Mahomed petitioned for bankruptcy on 18 March 1812 and distributed his property among his creditors at London's Guildhall on 27 July 1813. He then sought service as butler or valet but subsequently moved to the burgeoning seaside resort of Brighton, where the reconstruction of the prince regent's Royal Marine Pavilion had made oriental exotica fashionable. Finding employment in a bath house attached to the New Steyne Hotel, 11 Devonshire Place, in 1814, Mahomed sold Indian cosmetics and medicines, including Indian tooth powder, hair dye, steam bath with Indian oils, and shampooing. The last two, bolstered by his hyperbolic advertisements, proved most popular. By December 1815 Mahomed had opened his own Battery House Baths, at the foot of the Steyne. Here his daughter Rosanna (1815–1818) died.

Enhancing his reputation in 1820 Mahomed published a book of testimonials: Cases cured by Sake Deen Mahomed, shampooing surgeon, and inventor of the Indian medicated vapour and sea-water bath. Mahomed claimed to be able to cure a range of ills including rheumatism, asthma, and gout. He also identified supporters as well as rivals among orthodox medical practitioners. During 1820–21 he and his silent partner, Thomas Brown, built the magnificent Mahomed's Baths on King's Road, overlooking the sea (later the site of Queen's Hotel); while it was under construction he briefly established a bath house on West Cliff. He also expanded his 1820 book into a medical casebook, Shampooing, or, Benefits Resulting from the Use of the Indian Medicated Vapour Bath (1822, 1826, and 1838). In Shampooing, he revised his medical credentials to claim ten years' training in Calcutta Hospital and�to accommodate those years�adjusted his reported birth date to 1749. His professional and social prominence received recognition through appointment by royal warrant as shampooing surgeon to George IV and William IV. His popularity and patronage by aristocracy and gentry led jealous competitors to appropriate his method. Mahomed opened a London branch of his bath house at 11 St James's Place (1830–36) and then at 7 Little Ryder Street (1838–58); these were managed by his sons Deen (c.1812–c.1836) then Horatio (1816–1873). Another son, Frederick (1818–1888), taught dance, fencing, and gymnastics in Brighton. He was the father of the physician Frederick Henry Horatio Akbar Mahomed (1849–1884).

In 1841, after the death of his partner, Brown, Mahomed's Baths went to public auction. Mahomed himself lacked the capital to buy, but he offered to work as manager for the highest bidder. The first auction failed to meet the reserve price but, with no reserve, an 1843 auction succeeded. Since the new owner, William Furner, did not wish to employ Mahomed, he moved to a small rented house at 2 Black Lion Street, where he lived and attempted to compete with his old establishment. While he continued to advertise his services until 1845, his youngest son, Arthur Ackber (1819–1872), carried on the business under straitened circumstances. Jane Mahomed died on 26 December 1850 of uterine cancer; Mahomed died of ‘natural decay’ on 24 February 1851 at their son Frederick's home, 32 Grand Parade, Brighton. They were both buried together in St Nicholas's parish church, Brighton. From the 1860s his proprietary Indian medicated bath became the Turkish bath and his shampooing mere hair wash.

Michael H. Fisher
Sources

Travels of Dean Mahomet: an eighteenth–century journey through India, ed. M. H. Fisher (1997) · M. H. Fisher, The first Indian author in English (1996) · Abu Taleb Khan, Travels of Mirza Abu Taleb Khan in Asia, Africa, and Europe during the years 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, and 1803: written by himself, in the Persian language, trans. C. Stewart, 3 (1814) · Memoirs of the life of the Right Hon. Warren Hastings, first governor-general of Bengal, ed. G. R. Gleig, 3 vols. (1841), vol. 2 · R. Visram, Ayahs, lascars and princes: Indians in Britain, 1700–1947 (1986) · H. Mahomed, The bath: a concise history of bathing, as practiced by the nations of the ancient and modern world (1843) · B. Cochrane, An improvement on the mode of administering the vapour bath (1809) · The Times (27 March 1811) · The Times (25 March 1812) · The Times (4 April 1812) · The Times (20 April 1813) · The epicure's almanack, or, Calendar of good living (1815) · Visitor's books of Mahomed's baths, Brighton Public Reference Library · LondG (21–4 March 1812) · LondG (2–6 June 1812) · LondG (3–7 July 1813) · Willis's Current Notes (1851) · d. cert. · marriage records of the Cork and Ross Diocese · memorial, St Nicholas's parish church, Brighton · Brighton Guardian (26 Feb 1851)
Archives

Brighton Public Reference Library

Likenesses

J. Finlay, engraving, 1794 (after Ghaywanimdy?), repro. in M. H. Fisher, ed., Travels of Dean Mahomet · W. Maddocks, portrait, 1822 · W. Maddocks, portrait, 1826 · T. M. Baynes, portrait, c.1830, Brighton Pavilion · S. Drummond, portrait, c.1840, Brighton · T. M. Baynes, lithograph, Wellcome L. [see illus.]
© Oxford University Press 2004–6
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

Michael H. Fisher, ‘Mahomed, Deen (1759–1851)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/53351, accessed 25 Feb 2006]

Deen Mahomed (1759–1851): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/53351

http://www.oxforddnb.com/public/lotw/2.html

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed [1905-1977]: President of India

Dr. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed

Term of Office: 24 August 1974 TO 11 February 1977

Born on May 13, 1905 at Hauz Qazi area of Old Delhi with a silver spoon in his mouth, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed was one of those few Muslims who by virtue of his service to the country under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi reached the pinnacle of honour as the President of the Indian Republic, the fifth in the roll.

Shri Fakhruddin's grandfather, Shri Khaliluddin Ali Ahmed, of Kacharighat near Golaghat town in the Sibsagar district, Assam, married in one of the families who were the relics of Emperor Aurangzeb's bid to conquer Assam. Ali Ahmed's father Col. Zalnur Ali, of the Indian Medical Service, had to leave Assam while he was a bachelor doctor following an incident in Shillong. Col. Ali and one of his Assamese contemporaries, Col. Sibram Bora, were allotted seats at a function in the Shillong Club away from the European guests. The two Assamese Colonels boycotted the function in protest against the segregation meted out to them. This naturally enraged the European bosses who transferred Col. Zalnur Ali to distant North-West Province. This provided him with an opportunity to come in contact with the Nawab of Lohari in Delhi whose daughter he married. Here was born Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed.

Educated first in the Bonda Government High School in U.P., Fakhruddin matriculated from the Delhi Government High School then under the Punjab University. He was sent to England for higher education in 1923 in order to groom him for the I.C.S., though his mother was opposed to his son being sent abroad. He joined the Catherine College of Cambridge University and was called to the Bar from Inner Temple of London. He could not compete for the I.C.S. examination due to illness. On return to India he started legal practice in the Lahore High Court in 1928. In October that year, Col. Zalnur Ali, accompanied by his Barrister son, Fakhruddin, paid a visit to Gauhati ostensibly to look after his paternal property which included a few hundred acres of land in and around Gauhati. Obviously, the Ahmed family's link, snapped on the Colonel's posting in N.W.P. was thus re-established after several years. Two years later Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed revisited Gauhati and came in contact with the leaders of the Congress in Assam and in 1931 enrolled himself as its primary member. This was a turning event in the life of Ahmed.

During his stay in England he met Jawaharlal Nehru in 1925 whose progressive ideas impressed him very much; in fact, Nehru became his mentor and friend from the thirties onwards. (Lord Bulter, one of the luminaries of the Tories was a classmate of Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed). Once Ahmed joined the Indian National Congress he steadfastly adhered to it though his co-religionists in the Muslim League tried to persuade him to join the latter. As a Congressman, Ahmed Saheb actively participated in the freedom movement. To begin with, he offered individual satyagraha on 14 December, 1940 for which he was imprisoned for a year under Section 5 of the DIR. Again, in the 'Quit India Movement' he was arrested on 9 August, 1942 while he was returning after attending the historic session of the AICC meeting held at Bombay and detained as a security prisoner for three and a half years till April 1945. In the Congress organization he occupied several positions of responsibilities. He remained a member of the Assam Pradesh Congress Committee since 1936 except for a small break. He retained the membership of the AICC from 1947 till 1974. He was elected to the Assam Assembly for the first time in 1935 and became the Minister of Finance, Revenue and Labour in the Congress Coalition Ministry formed by the late Gopinath Bardoloi on 19 September, 1938. In the first spell of his Ministerial office Ali Ahmed demonstrated his acumen and ability in administrative sphere. His initiative in introducing the Assam Agricultural Income Tax Bill, the first of its kind in India, that levied taxes on tea garden lands in the Province and his pro-labour policy in the labour strike in the British-owned Assam Oil Company Ltd. At Digboi irked the European planters and their henchmen who considered that the measures of the Congress Coalition Government were revolutionary and, therefore, constituted a danger signal to the interests of the British commercial community. But Ali Ahmed did not heed to such opposition and went ahead with the measures which brought him and the Bardoloi Ministry a good deal of popular applause. However, the Bardoloi Ministry had to resign on 16 November, 1939 on the war efforts issue, but that Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed was an able administrator was established.

After Independence he was elected on Congress ticket to the Assam Assembly on two terms (1957-1962) and (1962-1967). Earlier, he was elected to the Rajya Sabha (1952-1953) and thereafter became Advocate-General of the Government of Assam. Though Ali Ahmed occupied a senior position in the Chaliha Ministry from 1957 he was asked by Jawaharlal Nehru to join his Cabinet at the Centre in January 1966. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from the Barpeta constituency in 1971. In the Central Cabinet he was given important portfolios relating to Food and Agriculture, Cooperation, Education, Industrial Development and Company Laws. His induction to the Central Cabinet was perhaps because of his close link with, and loyalty to the Nehru family and also for his acumen in administration.

In the Congress hierarchy Ali Ahmed enjoyed an enviable position being a member of the Congress Working Committee for several years. In the Great Split of the Congress (1969), Ali Ahmed remained with Indira Gandhi, may be his deep-rooted association with the Nehru family made him adhere to Indira Gandhi's leadership till his death. He was elected to the highest post of the land - the Presidentship of the Indian Republic on 29 August, 1974, but his tenure in the office was cut short (1977) by his sudden death due to a heart attack which he suffered on his return from a tour of the South-East Asian countries only a day before. In the wake of the Emergency Ali Ahmed became the target of criticism of his detractors. It was alleged that he put his signature as President to the order on promulgation of Emergency on 25 June, 1975 at the behest of the Prime Minister, though he assured at the time of his election to Presidentship that he would not be a yes-man of the Cabinet. Notwithstanding this criticism, Ali Ahmed's personality, integrity and ability in administration were never questioned.

Suave and sober, Ali Ahmed seldom allowed anger and prejudices to get better of him, at the same time, he did not compromise with unprincipled issues. These traits of his character were apparently the key to his success in the public life and enabled him to acquire a respectable position in the society. Towards the end of his political career, he was, however, accused of being communal by certain quarters, but this accusation was hardly warranted. Mention of an incident in this connection would perhaps be relevant. In 1935, when Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Liaquat Ali Khan, Nazimuddin and a few starwarts of the Muslim League came to Assam to campaign against Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed who was pitted by the Congress against a Muslim League candidate in the Assembly poll, a common friend at the instance of Sir Mohammad Saadullah suggested that Fakhruddin Saheb should pay a courtesy call to the Muslim League leaders at Gauhati. Liaquat Ali, however, reacted to the suggestion somewhat tersely saying that he would not shake hands with a Kafir meaning Ali Ahmed. Thus, the suggestion was scotched. It is apparently difficult to believe that he could be communal with a long record of service to the country under the banner of the Congress. It is, nonetheless, a fact that he tried to bring to the Congress fold a number of Aligarh Muslim University educated youths of his community whose communal outlook was a public knowledge. If this had created an impression in certain quarters that Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed was communal, that was entirely a different matter. But his love for the country and faith in secularism were profound and therefore, were not in doubt in the least.

Though politics was Ali Ahmed's forte, his deep interest in sports and other extra-mural activities was well-known. Himself a tennis player and golfer, he was elected President of the Assam Football Association and the Assam Cricket Association for several terms; he was also the Vice-President of the Assam Sports Council. In April, 1967 he was elected President of the All India Cricket Association besides being a member of the Delhi Golf Club and the Delhi Gymkhana Club since 1961. His love for music and finer arts was no less; he was deeply interested in poetical works of Ghalib. His travels in the USSR, the USA, the UK, Japan, Malaysia and many Arab countries as a Minister and afterwards as the President of India widened his urbane outlook that endeared him to all sections of the people, irrespective of caste, creed and avocation. Elegantly dressed he was always courteous but firm in what he considered to be just and fair and presented himself as a Moghul, as it were, which quality he perhaps inherited from his maternal side.

At forty Ali Ahmed married Abida (21) of a respectable family of U.P. educated in Aligarh Muslim University. When negotiations for the wedding were under way Ahmed was undergoing a jail term in Jorhat as security prisoner. At a certain stage of the negotiations Abida's family wanted to know what the prospective bride groom was doing. The answer came from one of the relatives of the would-be bridegroom: Fil hal to jail men Hai (At present he is in jail). But Destiny so ordained that Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed and Abida were happily married on 9 November, 1945. Begum Abida Saheba was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1981 from a U.P. constituency in a by-election.

Ali Ahmed passed away on 11 February, 1977 in the Rashtrapati Bhavan leaving behind wife, two sons and a daughter.

Ref:

http://presidentofindia.nic.in/

Fatima Bano : Wrestling Coach

Fatima Bano does not hide behind a veil like other women of her Muslim community - she works as a wrestling coach.

Breaking taboo in the conservative society, Bano took up wrestling as a profession and boldly challenges her male counterparts who do not provide enough space to women aspirants. Despite stiff family opposition, Bano was the first woman to fetch a gold medal for her state Madhya Pradesh, which also conferred upon her the highest award for excellence in her field.

A staunch believer in women empowerment, Bano refuses to differentiate between male and female students.

"I teach the same techniques to young boys and girls which I have learnt from my coach. Moreover, I also train them with new techniques which I pick up during my international tours," says Bano.

Bano who mastered the art under a male coach, Shakir Noor, believes that dedication can make all the difference.

Her students are all praise for her devotion and commitment to work.

"We have improved a lot with the training we have been given. We have learnt not only the techniques of the game but also the intricacies involved," said Mohammad Asif, a student.

But like other talents in India, Bano also faces financial crunch. She is awaiting government aid to further boost her efforts.

"The administration has provided no help at all even after I won so many award and fetched a gold medal," said Bano.

She feels that success is ingrained in the mind of a sportsperson and that a disciplined mind is the key to achievement.

[ http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_1435337,000600030011.htm ]

Gurfran Beig : Scientist

Indian scientist wins World Meteorology Award

New Delhi, July. 1 (PTI): Gurfran Beig of the Indian Institute of Meteorology, Pune, is among 18 international scientists to bag world meteorological award for research on temperature trends.

Norbert Gerber-Mumm International Award for 2005 by the World Meteorolgical organization in Geneva was given to the scientist on Wednesday for his research paper "Review of Mesospheric Temperature Trends", in Geneva.

The award is given annually to an original scientific paper on the influence of meteorology on various fields or influences of other fields on meteorology.

Beig's team was involved in a comprehensive review of long-term trends in the temperature from 50 to 100 km. in the atmosphere due to human induced effects like greenhouse gases. The research paper was published in 2003 in the Reviews of Geophysics.

The team came to the conclusion that the changes due to human activity could result in effect on radio and TV communications, space vehicles and possible effects on climate and weather patterns.

http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/001200507012022.htm?headline=Indian...

Hakim Ajmal Khan [1863-1927] : Medicine, Freedom Fighter

Hakim Ajmal Khan
Charu Bahri
indianmuslims.info

Hakim Ajmal Khan was born in 1863 to the illustrious Sharif Khani family of Delhi, a family that traces its lineage to court physicians who served the Mughal emperor Babur.

He studied the Quran and traditional Islamic knowledge including Arabic and Persian in his childhood, before turning his energy to the study of medicine under the wise guidance of his senior relatives, all of whom were well-known physicians.

His grandfather Hakim Sharif Khan sought to promote the practice of Tibb-i-unani or Unani medicine and for this purpose, had setup the Sharif Manzil hospital-cum-college that was known throughout the subcontinent as one of the finest philanthropic Unani hospitals that charged no fees from poor patients.

Once qualified, Hakim Ajmal Khan was appointed chief physician to the Nawab of Rampur in 1892. Soon he met Syed Ahmed Khan and was further appointed a trustee of the Aligarh college, now known as the Aligarh Muslim University.

Sharif family home in Delhi

As his family of Hakims served as doctors to the British rulers of India, in his early days Hakim Khan supported the British. He was part of a deputation of Muslims that met the Viceroy of India in Shimla in 1906 and even supported the British during World War I. In fact, the British Government awarded him the titles Haziq-ul-Mulk and Qaiser-e-Hind for his contribution to the expansion of the Unani system of medicine.

But once the British government changed its stance and sought to derecognize the practice of Indian schools of medicine such as Ayurveda and Unani, this turn of events set Hakim Ajmal Khan gathering fellow physicians on one platform to protest against the Raj.

Actually, Hakim Ajmal Khan’s political career commenced with his writing for the Urdu weekly Akmal-ul-Akhbar, which was founded in 1865-70 and run by his family.

Subsequently, when the British clamped down on the freedom movement and arrested many Muslim leaders, Hakim Ajmal Khan solicited Mahatma Gandhi’s assistance and together they joined others to start the Khilafat movement. He was elected the President of the Congress in 1921, and joined other Congress leaders to condemn the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. He was imprisoned for many months by police authorities. Hakim Khan’s pursued his political career side-by-side his medicinal and educational endeavours. Often, the interests overlapped.

Hakim Ajmal Khan resigned from his position at the AMU when he realized that its management would not endorse the Non-Cooperation Movement launched by the Indian National Congress. He envisaged a place of learning that would be free of government control. He worked towards this aim with the help of other Muslim luminaries. Together, they laid the foundations of the Jamia Millia Islamia (Islamic National University) in Aligarh in 1920, in response to Mahatma Gandhi's call for Indians to boycott government institutions. The JMI subsequently moved to Delhi and slowly grew to be the prestigious university it is today.

Ajmal Khan served as its first Chancellor until his death. He was a key patron of the university, financially bailing it out of sticky situations throughout the rest of his life.

Hindustani Dawakhana building

In fact, Hakim Ajmal Khan also established the Tibbia College for higher studies in medicine. Realizing the need for private funding, he simultaneously established a commercial venture the Hindustani Dawakhana to manufacture Unani and Ayurvedic medicines and issued a diktat that doctors practicing in the Sharif Manzil could only recommend medicines from the Dawakhana. The Dawakhana is known to have patented 84 magical herbal formulas.

Tibbia College is presently located Delhi’s Karol Bagh area. As a mark of respect to this man, Karol Bagh’s most popular part is still called Ajmal Khan Road.

Hakim Ajmal Khan died in 1927. In the ensuing years, both the Sharif Manzil and the Dawakhana have languished for want of upkeep and restoration.

Although Hakim Khan renounced his government awards during the freedom movement, Indians who appreciated his work and held him in high esteem conferred upon him the title Masih-ul-Mulk (Healer of the Nation).

Freedom fighter, educationalist and beyond doubt, the greatest contributor to Unani medicine in India in the 20th century: Hakim Ajmal Khan.

[copyright text and images : indianmuslims.info]

Idris Hassan Latif [b.1923] : Armed Forces

Charu Bahri
IndianMuslims.info

Air Chief Marshal Idris Hassan Latif (PVSM) was born on June 9, 1923 in Hyderabad (then Deccan, now Andhra Pradesh) to the family of the chief engineer of the state of Hyderabad Hasan Latif. Post-retirement, his father took up the position of principal of Osmania Engineering College. While his father was settled in Hyderabad, Latif’s family was from Bombay. One of their ancestral properties Latifia on Pandita Ramabai Road still exists.

Fond of riding, tennis and cricket, Idris Latif’s extra-curricular interests also include photography, which is still a passion. He also enjoys Urdu poetry. He married Bilkees Latif.

Idris Latif studied at the Nizam’s College in Hyderabad. He was still studying when he was commissioned in the Air Force in 1942 and sent for training to Ambala. Post-training, he was posted to the coastal defence flight at Karachi to carry out anti-submarine duties in the Arabian seas. During this tenure, he flew vintage biplane aircrafts like the Wapiti, Audaxes and Harts. Afterwards, he was among the first few pilots to be trained in England alongside the operational squadrons of the RAF on Hurricanes and Spitfire fighters.

Returning to India in 1944, he took part in the Burmese campaign on the Arakan Front, during which he flew sorties in the Hawker Hurricane against ground targets for No.3 squadron.

His second stint in Burma was for the No.9 squadron. Interestingly, he was close to his Commanding Officer Sqn. Ldr. Asghar Khan and another pilot, Flt. Lt. Noor Khan. Both these pilots went on to become Chiefs of Air Staff of the Pakistan Air Force.

But for Latif, neither the fact that he was a Muslim nor that he would bid farewell to his close friends swayed his mind to join Pakistan’s Air Force. As a Muslim, he could have but he strongly believed his future was in India. Obviously, religion and country merited his separate attention.

Post-WW2, at the dawn of India’s independence, Sqn. Ldr. Latif was promoted as the Commanding Officer of No.4 Oorials who flew the fighter Hawker Tempest. When India became a republic in 1950, he led the first fly past over New Delhi.

Amongst the early honors bequeathed on him for his excellence in service was his nomination to Indonesia along with two other officers to help induct Vampire fighters into the newly-born Indonesian Air Force. Subsequently, in 1961 he was sent to USA as the Air Attaché to the Indian Ambassador. During this period, Latif flew the USAF, F-S fighter and concurrently held the position of Air Attaché to the Indian High Commissioner’s Office in Canada. A posting that would have been limited to three years was extended to a second tenure by then Air Marshal Arjan Singh.

After his return, Latif held several postings, Air Defence Controller and later Senior Air Staff Officer with the Eastern Air Command, then Station Commander of the Lohegaon Airbase at Pune. At Lohegaon, Latif flew and commanded a medley of aircrafts, fighters, bombers, four-engine transport and WW2 Liberator aircrafts.

Subsequently, Latif moved to Air HQ in a newly created post of Assistant Chief of Air Staff (Plans) in the rank of Air Vice-Marshal. This is when he assessed the frontline combat squadrons and prepared modernization plans for the air force. During the 1971 war, Latif was still the ACAS (Plans). In appreciation of his efforts, Latif was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) later in 1971.

In 1974, Latif was promoted to Air Marshal and appointed Air Officer In-Charge of Administration at Air HQ and afterwards AOC-in-C Central Air Command and Maintenance Command. Latif then joined the Air HQ as the Vice Chief of Air Staff in May 1977 until September 1, 1978, when he was appointed Chief of Air Staff (CAS) of the Indian Air Force.

Besides being the first Muslim CAS of the Indian Air Force, Latif is well-known for his efforts to re-equip and modernize the air force. He was able to convince the government to approve the procurement of the Jaguar strike aircraft, a proposal pending approval for over 8 years. He also negotiated with Russia, as a result of which the MiG-23 and later, in 1981, the MiG-25 advanced interceptor-reconnaissance aircraft was introduced to the IAF.

Air Chief Marshal Latif remained active flying throughout his career spanning nearly four decades – from vintage planes to the MiG-25, which he flew just prior to retiring on August 31, 1981. During an official visit to France, he is known to have flown the Mirage-2000.

Post-retirement, Latif held the posts of Governor of Maharastra, member of the reconstituted Public Enterprises Selection Board and Indian Ambassador to France. He returned to India in 1988 and settled in Hyderabad.

A soft-spoken man, Air Chief Marshal Latif is a strict disciplinarian. As many men of the forces, he emphasizes punctuality, obedience and the dignity of man – trusting human beings for their capabilities and allowing them to show results.

Irfan Hussain [1964-1999] : Cartoonist

Irfan was a political cartoonist working with 'Outlook' magazine. He was grandson of Nagpur's leading businessman - Mulla Ghulam Abbas Mohammedali. His father Mansoor Husain runs a medical shop in Nagpur. Irfan got his degree in Commercial Art from Nagpur. He came in the limelight in 1986 when he won the first prize for his caricature of V.P. Singh at the Hindustan Times cartoon contest award in Delhi.

He worked as political cartoonist with the prestigious publications like The Pioneer and Outlook. He was kidnapped and killed, his body was found on 8 March 1999.

Link:

Irfan's cartoon at jaalmag.com

[photo: Irfan with his wife, http://cagle.msnbc.com/crn/hussain.asp]

Irfan Khan Pathan [b.1984] : Cricket

Irfan Khan Pathan

Irfan Khan Pathan is a cricketer and member of the Indian national cricket team since 2003. He was born in Baroda in Gujarat on 27 October 1984. He made his international debut against Australia in Adelaide at the age of 19. Following some good performances at the under-19 level.

He has taken 5 wickets in an innings six times in Test cricket, and once in one-day internationals, against Zimbabwe in the 2005 Videocon Tri-Series. His spell in the final match against Pakistan in the 2004 tour was arguably his best performance in ODI cricket. His trademark weapon is an inswinger which darts into a right-hand batsman, and he also has the ability to reverse swing the old ball. In the ODI format, Pathan has been particularly impressive, frequently giving India early breakthroughs. He now consistently ranks in or near the top 10 of the LG ICC cricket ratings.

He is developing into an all-rounder, as part of a reallocation of responsibilities under the new Indian cricket coach Greg Chappell. Chappell has identified potential in Pathan's batting, which is regarded as technically correct. With his strong fast bowlers physique, Pathan has the ability to strike the ball long and clean. Pathan has recently been used as both an opener and a top order batsman in late 2005 in one-day cricket, making 83 runs at more than a run a ball against Sri Lanka in a Test match. He also proved his enhanced batting skills by scoring 82 and 93 against Sri Lanka, opening the batting in the December 2005 New Delhi Test, when regular opener Virender Sehwag was hospitalised with illness. He scores primarily in front of the wicket, his main strength being his ability to drive. He has shown his batting strength against Pakistan (India's traditional rival) by hitting 90 in the second Test in Faisalabad (21-25 January, 2006).

Pathan recently took a hat trick in the first over of the Karachi Test against Pakistan becoming the first bowler to take a hat-trick in the first over of a Test match. It was also the highest in terms of total averages of the batsmen dismissed (130.18: Salman Butt 34.27, Younis Khan 46.04, Mohammad Yousuf 49.86). [1] This was also the first hat trick by a paceman from India and the first hat trick for any Indian bowler in an away match. Ironically, India lost the match by a sizeable margin, but his performances in the ODI series against Pakistan played a vital role in clinching the series in convincing fashion.

India's left-arm seamer Irfan Pathan was chosen as the International Sports Personality of the Year 2004 recently and was also named the ICC Emerging Player of the Year 2004.

The nineties saw a decline in swing bowlers and the emergence of speedsters who hurled the ball at a speed of over 100 miles per hour. With speed and power being the name of the game, Pathan among the present lot is the only bowler who relies more on swing than pace. Like his predecessors, Kapil Dev and his idol Wasim Akram, the Baroda paceman swings the ball either ways like a banana, taking cricket back to its glorious days.

Ismail Merchant [1936-2005] : Film maker

Ismail Merchant born in Mumbai 1936 and dided in London in 2005. He is famous for Merchant-Ivory Productions which made 40 films and bagged 6 Oscar awards. He also directed a movie in Urdu called "muhaafiz."

http://www.merchantivory.com/ismail.html

Javed N Agrewala : Science

Dr J N Agrewala, a senior scientist with the Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), was today conferred the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award, 2005, by Dr Manmohan Singh for his contributions in the field of medical sciences. The award carries a citation, a certificate and Rs 2 lakh.

Dr Javed N. Agrewala obtained his Ph.D in biomedical organic chemistry from the S N Medical College, Agra, in 1986. He has worked as a visiting scientists at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, and is a fellow of National Academy of Sciences, India.

Dr Agrewala joined IMTECH in 1989 and has since been working on the cross-talk between white blood cells in the human body.

Khalid Hameed [ ] : Physician

Dr. Khalid Hameed CBE

Executive Director & Chief Executive Officer of the Cromwell Hospital, London

He Chairs the Commonwealth Youth Exchange Council. He is a Board member of the British Muslim Research Centre, and also the Ethnic Minorities Foundation. He is an Executive member of the Maimonides Foundation and a Trustee of the Little Foundation. Dr Hameed supports various charities and was awarded the Sternberg Award for 2005 for his contribution to further Christian - Muslim - Jewish Relations. He has received serveral national and international honours from various countries including the United Kingdom.

He is involved with matters of Interfaith and lectures frequently on this subject.

In 2006 he was appointed High Sheriff of Greater London.

source : thersa.org

M. Hidayatullah [b.1905] : Chief Justice, Supreme Court of India

Mohammad Hidayatullah

B.A. (Nagpur); M.A. (Cantab); Barrister-at-Law, O.B.E.(1946)

17 Dec 1905: born

1922: Govt. High School, Raipur.
1926: Phillip's Scholar, Morris College, Nagpur.
1927-1930: B.A. 2nd order of merit Malak Gold Medalist, Trinity College, Cambridge.
1929: President, Indian Majlis, Cambridge
1930: English and Law Tripos, Lincoln's Inn, Barrister-at-Law.

1930-1946: Advocate, Nagpur High Court.
1931-1933: Member, Nagpur Municipal Committee.
1934-1953: Nagpur University Executive and Academic Councils, Court etc.
1935-1943: Lecturer, University College of Law.

1942-1943: Government Pleader.
1943-1945: Nagpur Improvement Trust
1943-1946: Advocate-General, Central Provinces & Berar.
1946: Member, Nagpur Bar Council.
1949-1953: Dean of the Faculty of Law.

1950-1952: Chief Commissioner, Madhya Pradesh Bharat Scouts and Guides.
1950-1952: Vice-President, National Council Bharat Scouts and Guides.
1950: Awarded the highest award Silver Elephant. Adviser, International Fellowship of Former Scouts and Guides.
1954: Member, Faculty of Law Saugar University ; Court Vikram University and Aligarh Muslim University.
1954-1956: Puisne Judge.
1954-1956: Chief Justice, Nagpur High Court.
1 Nov 1956- 28 Nov 1958: Chief Justice, High Court of Madhya Pradesh.
1 Dec 1958: Judge, Supreme Court.

25 Feb 1968: Appointed as Chief Justice of India.
16 Dec 1970: Retired.

M. J. Akbar [b.1951] : Journalist

Mubashar Jahangir Akbar was born in 1951, he is well known Indian journalist and author. He's the founder and editor-in-chief of The Asian Age, a daily multi-edition Indian newspaper with a global perspective. He has written several books, including Byline (New Delhi: Chronicle Books, 2003), a biography of Jawaharlal Nehru titled 'Nehru-The Making of India', a book on Kashmir titled 'Kashmir: Behind the Vale', 'Riot After Riot' and 'India: The Siege Within'. He also authored 'The Shade of Swords', a cohesive history of Jihad.

M J Akbar is also the editor-in-chief of The Deccan Chronicle, a Hyderabad-based news daily.

He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Kishanganj, Bihar on Congress ticket in 1989.

mjakbar.org

Matin Zuberi [1930-2006]: Academics

Matin Zuberi

A professor of international politics and disarmament studies at Jawharlal Nehru University, Prof. Zuberi was arguably India's most perceptive academic observer of international nuclear developments. His contributions went beyond academics.

In three stints � 1990-91, 1998-99 and 2000-01 � he was a member of the National Security Advisory Board. On the last occasion he participated in the preparation of the Draft Indian Nuclear Doctrine.

Earlier, he was a member of the Indian delegation to the United Nations Conference on Disarmament and Development.

Prof. Zuberi was born at Marehra in Etah district of Uttar Pradesh on July 15, 1930. After obtaining his Master's degree from Aligarh Muslim University, he went to St. Anthony's and Balliol colleges in the University of Oxford. On his return home, he was appointed senior fellow at the Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. He joined JNU in 1978 and continued there till 1995.

Prof. Zuberi was also a member of the executive council of the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses and the governing body of the Society of Indian Ocean Studies.

At the time of his death, Prof. Zuberi was working on a study, "Fateful decisions of the nuclear age." Despite his illness, he dictated a couple of paragraphs for an article on the Indo-U.S. nuclear deal.

Source:
The Hindu

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad : [ 1888-1958]

A TRIBUTE TO MAULANA AZAD ON HIS
48th DEATH ANNIVERSARY

By: Kaleem Kawaja, Washington DC

Maulana Azad was born in Mecca on 11 Nov 1888 and died in New Delhi on 22 Feb 1958.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad ranks among the top builders of modern India and among the top freedom fighters, who dedicated his entire life to liberate India from the British colonial rule. Much has been written about this prince among Indians of his century. He was not only enlightened, erudite, wise and humble, he was also a man who often led from the front and set personal examples for others. Much has been written about Azad in the last six decades. Today let us explore how some top Indian leaders viewed him, and what were his own views.

How Others Viewed Azad:

Mahatma Gandhi: "Maulana Azad is the most forceful, truthful, and fearless satyagrahi and fighter against oppression and injustice that I have come across".

Jawaharlal Nehru: "Though I am grateful to all my companions, I would like to mention especially Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, whose erudition has delighted me incredibly, and has sometimes overwhelmed me. In Azad along with the good qualities of the past, the graciousness, the deep learning and tolerance, there is a strange and unique mixture of the urges of today and the modern outlook".

"Maulana Azad was a very special representative in a high degree, of the great composite culture which has gradually grown in India. He represented the synthesis of various cultures which had flown in and lost themselves in the ocean of Indian life and humanity, affecting and changing them and being changed themselves by them. In that sense, I can hardly conceive of any other person who can replace him, because the age which produced him is past."

Azad's Own Views:

"I am a Muslim and profoundly conscious of the fact that I have inherited Islam's glorious tradition of the last fourteen hundred years. I am not prepared to loose even a small part of that legacy. The history and teachings of Islam, its arts and letters, its culture and civilization are part of my wealth and it is my duty to cherish and guard them. But, with all these feelings, I have another equally deep realization, born out of my life's experience which is strengthened and not hindered by the Islamic spirit. I am equally proud of the fact that I am an Indian, an essential part of the indivisible unity of the Indian nationhood, a vital factor in its total makeup, without which this noble edifice will remain incomplete."

" If the whole world is our country and is to be honored, the dust of India has the first place. If all mankind are our brothers, then the Indians have the first place."

"Not only is our national freedom impossible without Hindu-Muslim unity, we also can not create without it, the primary principles of humanity. If an angel were to tell me: 'Discard Hindu-Muslim unity and within 24 hours I will give freedom to India' I would prefer Hindu-Muslim unity. For the delay in the attainment of freedom will be a loss to India alone, but if the Hindu-Muslim unity disappears, that will be a loss to the whole humanity."

"It was India's historic destiny that many human races, cultures, and religions should flow to her, and that many a caravan should find rest here... One of the last of these caravans was that of the followers of Islam. This came here and settled for good. In India everything bears the stamp of the joint endeavors of the Hindus and Muslims. Our languages were different, but we grew to use a common language. Our manners and customs were dissimilar, but they produced a new synthesis. No fantasy or artificial scheming to separate and divide us can break this unity."

Azad in Wikipedia

[photo: The portrait of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, painted by K.K. Hebbar, was unveiled by the then President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, on 16 December 1959. The portrait was donated by the Azad Portrait Committee of Members of Parliament. ]

Maulana Fazle Haq Khairabadi : freedom fighter

He was the famous freedom fighter,philospher and learned person belongs to Khairabad town of district Sitapur. He passed a 'Fatwa of Jihad' against british government in 1857. He was imprisoned to Celluler Jail in Andman and Nikobar he died there in 1861.

Famous poet / writter Jannisar Akhtar and Javed Akhtar are from their family.

Letters, prison sketches and autobiographical literature
Sitapur information on Khairabadi
Imtina-un-Nazir: Persian book by Maulana Khairabadi.

Maulana Mujibullah Nadwi [1918-2006] : scholar

Maulana Mujibullah Nadwi eminent scholar and tireless worker for the community was born in Ghosi town of then Azamgarh district on 4 January 1918.

He worked as research fellow in Darul Musannifin from 1946 to 1967. He was Nazim or prinicipal of Jamiatur Rashad for 43 years and edited monthly magazine of the madrasah.

He was a founder member of the Islamic Fiqh Academy and the All India Milli Council. He was member of the excutive committe of the All India Muslim Personal Law Board.

He breathed hislast on 12 May 2006 in Lucknow, and was buried in a graveyard near Jamiatur Rashad.

Maulana Shibli Nomani: Scholar

Maulana Shibli Nu'mani (r.a.) is well-known as the author of the celebrated and widely read biography of the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, (p.b.u.h.), under the title of 'Sirat-al-Nabi.' Another of his authoritative works is a biography of the life of Imam Abu Hanifah (r.a.) under the title of 'Sirat-al-Nu'man.'

This photo was donated from the Archives of
Mr. Abdul Hameed Saifi

Source:

http://muslim-canada.org/shibli.htm

Mazharul Haque [1886-1930] : Freedom Fighter

Maulana Mazharul Haque

by Charu Bahri
IndianMuslims.info

Maulana Mazharul Haque was born to a rich landlord, Sheikh Ahmedullah, in Bihar in December 1866. An only son, he had two sisters Ghafrunisha and Kaneez Fatma.

His primary education was delivered at home by a Maulvi, but he passed his matriculation from the Patna Collegiate in 1886. He then traveled to Lucknow for higher studies, where he was admitted to Cannig College. However, it is said that he found it difficult to adjust to circumstances and instead, chose to leave for England the same year to pursue a course in law. He returned to India qualified in law in 1891 and set up a legal practice in Patna. He even joined the judicial service as a Munsif, on the advice of a foreign friend. It is perhaps not surprising though, that he soon developed differences with the District & Sessions Judge and had to resign. Subsequently, he started a practice at Chapra.

He is said to have made a significant contribution to relief efforts launched during the famine in Saran district of Bihar in 1897. But Maulana Mazharul Haque's public life actually commenced with the creation of the Bihar Provincial Conference, a move he supported as he believed in the need for the constitution of Bihar as a separate province.

In 1906, he moved to Patna to continue to practice law. It was also in 1906 that Maulana Mazharul Haque was elected Vice Chairman of Bihar Congress Committee.

Mazharul Haque helped organize the Home Rule Movement in Bihar and was its President in 1916. He actively participated in the Champaran Satyagraha for which he was sentenced to 3 months imprisonment.

Subsequently, when the Non Cooperation and Khilafat Movements were launched, Mazharul Haque gave up his lucrative legal practice and his elected post as member of the Imperial Legislative Council and turned all his efforts to the freedom struggle. By now, he was a firm believer in complete Independence being "the birthright of every Nation"�.

Mazharul Haque was also a fervent believer in democratic decentralization and he organized the Panchayats in Saran district towards meeting this vision. He also made many requests for better educational facilities in Bihar, especially for free and compulsory primary education.

Maulana Mazharul Haque is known to have stayed with his maternal uncle Dr. Saiyyad Mahmood in Siwan during the anti-purdah movement launched in Bihar in response to the Non Cooperation Movement of 1920. Mahatma Gandhi sought to bring women also into mainstream politics, to strengthen the resistance against British rule as well as empower them to play a more active role in society. Literally, purdah means "veil" and the system involves women being confined indoors or wearing a protective veil whenever they venture outdoors. The purdah system espoused by Muslim and many Hindu families, especially in Bihar, meant that women remained behind men in all spheres of life. Around this time, he was approached by students of the Patna University desiring to support Gandhi's call to boycott Government run institutions. The Bihar Vidyapeeth, then headquartered at an ashram he constructed on the Patna-Danapur road thus came into being. The ashram became well known as the Sadaquat Ashram, it now serves as the headquarters of the Congress party in Patna, the capital of the state of Bihar.

Sadaqt Ashram in 2006.

An avid writer and poet, in 1921, he started "The Motherland" an English weekly journal (later bi-weekly) which was used to propagate thoughts and ideals of the Non Cooperation Movement.

While Maulana Mazharul Haque's birthplace was village Brahmpur, Thana Maner of Patna district, by 1900 his affinity to village Faridpur of district Siwan (then Saran district) where his family held a lot of land was well established. Here he constructed a home and named it "Ashiana". Ashiana was visited by a number of India's leaders of the times, such as Pandit Motilal Nehru in 1927, Sarojini Devi in 1928 and afterwards over the years Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya, K.F. Nariman and Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad.

Mazharul Haque retired from politics during the last years of his life. He died in his home, "Ashiana" in January 1930.

In remembrance of this worthy freedom fighter and educationalist, in April 1988, the Maulana Mazharul Haque Arabic and Persian University was founded at Patna.

Book on Maulana Mazharul Haque : By Publication division of Govt. of India.

find the above book in a library near you

Mirza Hameedullah Beg [b. 1913] : Chief Justice, Supreme Court of India

Mirza Hameedullah Beg
M.A. (Cantab), Barrister-at-Law;

22 Feb 1913: Born at Lucknow. Son of the Hon'ble Mirza Samiullah Beg, former Chief Justice of Hyderabad State,

Education :
St. George's Summer School, Hyderabad (Deccan);

1929: Obtained a Gold Medal for a record performance securing first position in Senior Cambridge H.S.L.C. Examination.

1931: joined Trinity College, Cambridge, England; and obtained Honours in Archeaological and Anthropological and Historical Triposes.
1934: B.A. (Honours) degree in 1934.

M.A. degree, of the Cambridge University.

Attended advanced classes in Economics, Public Finance, Political Theory and Organisation, Constitutional Law and International Law, at the London School of Economics.

joined the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn.

Obtained a first class first in Hindu and Mohammedan Laws at the Bar Examinations held by the Council of Legal Education in England.

Feb 1941: called to the Bar.
1942: begin practising at Meerut and Allahabad as an Advocate of the Allahabad High Court. 1943-1946: Lecturer on Constitutional Law and on Equity at Meerut College, Meerut.
1946-1963: Allahabad University, On the Law of Evidence and on Human Law and Ancient Law, from 1949: enrolled as an Advocate of the Federal Court of India, and, subsequently of the Supreme Court of India, built up an extensive practice on all sides; was Standing Counsel to the Allahabad University, and to the U.P. Sunni Central Wakf Board, and appeared frequently for Municipal bodies.

11 Jun 1963: raised to the Bench of the Allahabad High Court. Sat both on the Criminal and Civil sides and then on the Tax Bench at the Allahabad High Court;
1967-1970: appointed Company Judge of the Allahabad High Court and was also incharge of the matrimonial and testamentary jurisdiction of the High Court.

Jan 1971: appointed Chief Justice of the High Court of Himachal Pradesh.
10 Dec 1971: appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of India.Member of the International Law Association and of the World Association of Judges.

29 Jan 1977: Appointed as Chief Justice of India.
21 Feb 1978: Retired.

Mohamed Rela [ ] : Medicine

Dr Mohamed Rela, a UK-based Liver transplant surgeon of international fame and Indian origin. At 47 years, he is considered to be among the top liver transplant surgeons of the world. Dr Rela has a record of 800 liver transplants against his name, including the one preformed on his youngest patient � a five-day-old Irish boy, which won him entry into the Guinness Book of Records in 2000.

The surgeon, who heads one of the four top-notch transplant teams at the King's College and Hospitals, London, has pioneered the `split liver' transplant surgery which involves the division of a healthy donor organ to ensure that two patients' lives are saved. In addition, he is an expert at live donor transplants.

However, the journey to the top for this native of Mayiladuthurai village in Tamil Nadu has been a rough one. A student of the well known Kalakshetra School, Chennai, and later a graduate in medicine from The Stanley Medical College, Chennai, Dr Rela says he always wanted to be a doctor, especially a surgeon. However, in Chennai he had to wait for two years before he could specialise in surgery. So, after an MS from Stanley, he went to the UK, where he did an MS from Edinburgh and also got an FRCS by 1988.

For five to six years Dr Rela worked as a surgeon in various hospitals in the UK before he made it to the prestigious King's College and Hospital in 1994. "The first liver transplant was done here in 1989 and I was really fortunate to enter the field and King's College at the right time. It gave me the opportunity to develop new techniques. I have now worked for over 10 years in the field of liver transplantation at the largest liver transplant programme in Europe, where over 190 liver transplant operations are performed every year, " he says.

Dr Rela started the successful programme of split liver transplantation at King's College Hospital and popularised it in the country. King's now has the largest experience in the world for split liver transplantation with results not matched by other major international units. It is also the only centre in the UK performing living related liver transplantation.

Having published more than 100 scientific papers and trained a large number of surgeons who have set up the liver transplant programme around the world, Dr Rela is now concentrating on developing techniques which would help do away with liver transplant. These include, cell therapy and stem cells. The third area is research on new immunosuppressant drugs, which will be better tolerated by the human body, and therefore reduce the rate of rejection.

In cell therapy, the thinking is that instead of replacing the liver, a single cell injected into the recipient would slowly grow into a normal liver. Experiments have been conducted from foetal cells, cadaver cell and even cells from certain animals like dogs, but there are ethical questions attached to these procedures.

Stem cell therapy, on the other hand, is an area that needs to be more intensively researched before it becomes reality, says Dr Rela. The surgeon believes in sharing of expertise, especially among developing countries. He has been personally involved in building up the infrastructure in some units apart from performing operations at different centres.

Dr Rela's association with India has increased in recent times after his collaborative efforts at the Hyderabad-based Global Hospitals, which has established a full-fledged liver transplant facility. The Technology Development Board (TDB) venture fund, under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), has provided a funding of Rs 10 crore. During the last one year, Dr Rela has been the main driving force at the Global Hospitals, conducting liver transplants in Hyderabad.

Dr. Rela was called on to treat Pramod Mahajan of BJP.

source:
The Hindu Business Line

Mohammad Hamid Ansari [ ] : diplomat

Mohammad Hamid Ansari is the Chairman of the 5th Statutory National Commission for Minorities.

Hamid Ansari studied at the St. Xavier College, Kolkata and the Aligarh Muslim University and joined the Indian Foreign Service in 1961. He was Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates, Afganistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia,High Commission to Australia and Permanent Representative to the United Nations in the New York. He was awarded the PADMA SHRI in 1984.

Ansari has been the Vice-Chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University and a Visiting Professor at the Centre for West Asian and African Studies,Jawaharlal Nehru University and the Academy for Third World Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia. He was Chairman of the Advisory Committee for Oil Diplomacy of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Co-Chairman of the India-UK Round Table and Member of the National Security Advisory Board. He has been a Distinguished Fellow of the Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi. He is a Trustee of the Bapu Sadbhavana and Shiksha Trust. Ansari has edited Iran Today: Twenty Years After the Islamic Revolution (Rupa, New Delhi, 2005) and has written a number of academic papers and newspaper articles on West Asian politics.

[photo and text from NCM website]

Mohammad Mujeeb [1902-1985] : Academia

"Professor Mohammad Mujeeb was born in 1902 in Lucknow. His father Mohammad Naseem, was a successful lawyer and was counted among the prominent progressive Muslims. After getting his Senior Cambridge Certificate from a convent school in Dehradun, he was sent to Oxford where he graduated in History.

In Germany, where he spent four years learning printing, Russian and music, he came in contact with Dr. Zakir Hussain and decided to collaborate with him in establishing the Jamia Millia Islamia. He worked for this University from 1926 to 1973, the last twenty-five years as its Vice-Chancellor. He died of heart failure in Delhi in January 1985.

His works in Urdu include History of the Indian Civilization- the Ancient Period; History of Political Thoughts, Russian Literature; The Story of the World and several dramas and short stories. In English his major works are: World History-Our Heritage; Ghalib; Dr. Zakir Hussain- a Biography and two collections of his speeches: Education and Traditional Values and Islamic Influence on Indian Society, The Indian Muslims.

During the Independence movement and afterwards, he remained associated with Congress leaders. He was sent to Liberia, China, Russia, Yugoslavia and Turkey in different capacities and was a delegate to UN(1949) and UNESCO(1954). The government awarded him Padma Bhushan in 1965."

-- from the flap of his book "The Indian Muslims" published by Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 2003. Photo from Jamia website.

Mumtaz Begum [1956- ] : Politics

Mumtaz Begum born in 1956 is the first Muslim and fourth Women mayor of Bangalore. She was elected as a Congress nominee on 30 November 2005.

She is also the vice-chair for the All India Council of Mayors.

She was elected Deputy Mayor in 1984 on Janata Party ticket.

Other posts held :

2002-2005: Executive Committee member, Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee(KPCC).

1997-2002: General Secretary, KPCC.

1995-97 : General Secretary, Bangalore City District Congress Committee.

1993-97 : President, Shivajinagar Block Congress Committee.

1991-95 : General Secretary, Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee, Mahila Wing.

Mushirul Hasan : academia

By Charu Bahri
for IndianMuslims.info

Mushirul Hasan, son of well-known historian Professor Mohibbul Hasan was born on August 15, 1949 in Kolkata. His early childhood passed by in an anglo-Indian neighborhood in the city (Kolkata). At the age of seven his family moved to Aligarh, where his father held a teaching position in the history department at the Aligarh Muslim University. The transition from his surroundings in metropolitan Kolkata to Urdu-speaking Aligarh was marked in that it exposed him to new perspectives and a different, more orthodox Muslim community. While growing up, his mothers’ was his sole influence insofar as religion was concerned. No wonder then that his new environs by no means restricted his and his siblings’ student life. Jam sessions in their living room, cinema on Sundays and that too, to see English films, Mushirul Hasan was slowly but surely developing an all-round personality that would stand him in good stead in the years to come.

He studied physics, chemistry and math and even Persian literature. As his father did not pressurize any one subject on him, he absorbed the essence of many subjects before finally zeroing in on history. During his senior student life, Hasan took an active part in debates, student politics and interacting with people from different walks of life. He lauds his father as well as the people and environment of the history department at Aligarh (AMU) for his firmly-rooted secular values.

In fact, Hasan’s interest in secularism was so strong that he relocated to Delhi to study modern history, which covered the tragedy of the Partition. He subsequently studied at Cambridge University, UK, where again, his exposure to Western ideas and a multicultural society helped him settle in quickly and work towards completing his doctorate within three years. He then returned to India and began his teaching career as a reader in the department of history at the Jamia Millia Islamia (New Delhi).

In July 1981 Hasan was appointed professor of modern Indian history at the Jamia Millia Islamia at the young age of thirty-one which in fact is the youngest ever professorial appointment in the subject in India.

Professor Hasan was also appointed director of the Academy of Third World Studies at the Jamia Millia Islamia on February 15, 1992, a position he continues to hold. Over the ensuing years, he held the positions of Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Jamia Millia Islamia (1992 to 1996) and officiating Vice-Chancellor, Jamia Millia Islamia (1996 to 1997).

On June 10, 2004 he was appointed Vice-Chancellor of the Jamia Millia Islamia.

He has been and continues as member of many prestigious professional and learning organizations, such as the governing body of Zakir Husain College of the University of Delhi and the university court of the Aligarh Muslim University.

Vice-Chancellor Mushirul Hasan has also been visiting professor at the Central European University, Budapest, International Institute of Languages and Civilizations, (INALCO) Paris, University of Virginia, Charlottesville and fellow at the Institute of Advanced Study, Berlin, and held professorial fellowships at the Nehru Memorial Museum & Library in New Delhi, Centre of Oriental Studies in Rome and the Centre of Indian Studies at the Maison des Sciences de l’Homme in Paris, to name a few.

He has written numerous books (listed below) and is currently said to be writing Modern India as part of a four-volume series entitled India 2000.

Professor Hasan is well-known for his continuing staunch stand on secularism, liberal and democratic values and free speech, which is best elucidated by his declaration that Salman Rushdie’s Satanic Verses should not have been banned, since freedom of speech must be preserved. At the time, he faced assault from a large mob of students, about 250 strong, who dissented from his open stance. He stood firm however, for his belief that as a teacher, he should be allowed to express his views and explained that quite asides making the issue a religious one, he strongly felt that Muslims should not project themselves as intolerant.

Vice-Chancellor Hasan envisages a democratic movement based on inner reflection on ways to reform Muslim society in keeping with the Quran and Sunnah, to make its society more egalitarian and especially to promote emancipation and education for women.

For his excellence in teaching and scholarly achievements, Vice-Chancellor Hasan has been awarded D. Lit (Honoris Causa) by the Uttar Pradesh Rajarshi Tandon Open University at Allahabad in 2006, the Professor Sukumar Sen Memorial Gold Medal by The Asiatic Society of Kolkata in 2006, a Ford Foundation (SARC) Fellowship by the Institute of Islamic Studies, University of Oxford in 2002-3, the D.P. Singhal Scholarship by the University of Queensland in Brisbane in 2003 and the Ramkrishna Jaidayal Harmony Award for English writing based on his fortnightly column in the Indian Express newspaper in 1999.

Publications

To read more of Vice-Chancellor Professor Mushirul Hasan’s thoughts, refer his books:

The Nehrus: Personal Histories, Roli Books, Delhi & Mercury Press, London, 2006

A Moral Reckoning: Muslim Intellectuals in Nineteenth-Century Delhi, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 2005

Pluralism to Separatism: Qasbas in Colonial Awadh, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 2004 (translated into Urdu, 2005)

John Company to the Republic: A Story of Modern India, Roli, Delhi, 2001 (translated into Urdu 2002)

Islam in the Subcontinent: Muslims in a Plural Society, Manohar, Delhi, 2002

Making Sense of History: Society, Culture and Politics, Manohar, Delhi, 2003

The Legacy of A Divided Nation: India’s Muslims since Independence, Hurst Publishers, London 1997, also Oxford University Press, Delhi 1997 also paperback edition, WestView Co., USA, 2002

Nationalism and Communal Politics in India, 1885-1930, Manohar, Delhi, 1991, also paperback edition, 1994 (reprinted in 2000, 2005)

A Nationalist Conscience: M.A. Ansari, the Congress and the Raj, Manohar, Delhi, 1987

Mushtaq Ali [1914-2005] : Cricket

Mushtaq Ali was the first Indian to score a century on foreign soil.

17th December 1914 : born

1936: First test century by an Indian on foreign soil, against Engalish. runs 112.

1964: Retired from first-class cricket.

1964 : Awarded Padma-shri.

1967: published autobiography "Cricket Delightful."

2002: Wisden special award.

18th June 2005: Died in Indore.

Educated in Indore and Aligarh Muslim University.

Mushtaq Ali genius and imagination.

Records

Naushad Ali [1919-2006] : Music

Master of Bollywood film music magic

Lalit Mohan Joshi
The Guardian

The composer Naushad Ali, who has died aged 86, was a phenomenon of popular Indian cinema from the early 1940s into the early 1970s, who introduced a unique fusion of devotional, classical and north Indian folk music. Without Naushad's vision and thematically composed songs, it is difficult to imagine the impact of films like Mother India (1957), which features classical ragas and folk music.

A product of the composite culture of Lucknow, Naushad understood Hindu and Muslim culture and the languages, dialects and poetry associated with them. Against the wishes of his father he learned classical and folk music and, aged 18, moved to Mumbai (formerly Bombay), India's film capital, in 1937, to pursue a career in music in what is today known as Bollywood.

Without any contacts, by 1940 Naushad was music director on M Bhavnani's film Prem Nagar. But the "Naushad era" really began with Jamini Dewan's Rattan (1944), after which he became established as one of the highest-paid music directors. For the next 30 years he enjoyed unsurpassed celebrity.

Naushad's creative team chiefly comprised lyricist Shakeel Badayuni, singers Mohammed Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar and film-makers AR Kardar and Mehboob. There were films like Mughal-e-Azam (1960), which showcases the best of Urdu lyrical poetry set to music and rendered, under Naushad's direction, with sensitivity, romance and overpowering emotion. In the 1970s Naushad's high water mark was Kamal Amrohi's Pakeezah (The Pure, 1972).

His magic lay in his appreciation of the nuances of Urdu and Hindustani lyrics and his genius in expressing and enhancing film lyrics. By drawing that inspiration from classical ragas and folk, introducing a range of Indian instruments into film music and grooming some of the most talented singers, Naushad gave his music wide appeal. He also had a keen eye for talent. It was he who, after coming across a girl of 13 singing on All India Radio, gave her a break in AR Kardar's Sharda (1942). The teenager was Suraiyya, who became one of the most glamorous singing stars of the 1950s.

Naushad could produce masterpieces be it a ghazal or romantic song, a bhajan or Hindu devotional number, a qawwali sung by Sufis at a Muslim shrine or a dance number for a nautch girl. His songs were truly Indian in essence.

Akbar Khan's Taj Mahal (2006) bombed in spite of Naushad's music and he seemed to have fallen silent for many years. This was not because his musical genius had dried up - rather because, after the 1980s, Bollywood directors looked upon cinema less as a creative art and more as a moneyspinning device. This left little space for aesthetic music, poetry and romance.

Naushad was one of the last of a group who had urbanity, polish and old world charm. In true Lucknawi style, he also had the gift of qissagoi (storytelling) characterised by effective use of words, poetry, body language and anecdotes. He also published Athwan Sur (The Eighth Note), a collection of his Urdu shairi or poetry.

He is survived by three sons and five daughters.

· Naushad Ali, composer, born December 25 1919; died May 5 2006

Rafi Ahmed Kidwai [1894-1954] : freedom fighter

Rafi Ahmed Kidwai was born in February 1894 to a middle-class Zamindari family in the village of Masauli in Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh. His family traced its lineage to the entourage of Mohammad Ghazni. In his childhood, he was tutored by his uncle Vilayat Ali. He enrolled in the M.A.O. College at Aligarh in 1916 and successfully graduated with a B.A degree in 1918. He thought of pursuing law studies but was immensely influenced by Mahatma Gandhi's call to join the Non-Cooperation Movement. Once again, his uncle Vilayat Ali served as his mentor to expose him to the two organizations leading the freedom struggle- the Congress and the Muslim League and their main leaders.

Around the time he was studying, a historic session of the Congress and the Muslim League was held at Lucknow, where the Congress-League pact was signed in December 1916. His uncle ensured he participated in such meetings.

It is not surprising then that by 1920, Kidwai had joined the Khilafat organization. He is said to have been the main force behind the Non-Cooperation Movement in Barabanki district. His then served as private secretary to Motilal Nehru. Subsequently, in 1926, he was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly. His political and social acumen and maturity were well-recognized and led to his appointment as Chief Whip of the Congress party in the Central Legislature.

The 1930's were years that saw Kidwai's growing involvement with farmers and agriculturists in his home state, U.P. He used his position, secretary of the U.P Congress Committee, to organize a no-rent campaign to protect the peasantry from the economic depression that had set in. He was jailed and sentenced in prison for leading this movement but in spite of this, the agrarian movement became a life-time commitment for him.

When Congress governments were established in various provinces under the provincial autonomy scheme introduced in 1937, Kidwai was appointed a minister in Pandit G. B. Pant's U.P. cabinet. He was given charge of the revenue and jail portfolios. He initiated major land reforms in U.P., such as the restructuring of the U.P. Tenancy Act and creating conditions for the abolition of the Zamindari system. He also introduced reforms in jails aiming at making prisoners better citizens.

In April 1946, he became the Home Minister of Uttar Pradesh. Kidwai rose from strength to strength within the party. A close confidante and supporter of Nehru, he was affectionately called "Rafi Sahib".

Post-independence, Kidwai moved base to New Delhi as Minister for Communications. During his tenure, he introduced novel schemes such as the night air mail service in 1948 and own your telephone which still goes by the OYT scheme under which a new telephone connection may be obtained.

After the first general elections in 1952, Nehru inducted Rafi in his cabinet and entrusted him with the food and agriculture portfolio. At this juncture, the country was facing an acute shortage of food and rationing was in vogue. Kidwai applied himself to the problem and converted the man-made scarcity conditions to man-released abundance of food supplies. His work was well-appreciated especially as he created a surplus position without depending on food aid and external controls. He envisaged a self-sufficient India, both insofar as food supply and telecommunications were concerned.

Rafi Ahmed Kidwai was a learned man, whose knowledge went beyond books. He was an excellent manager of men, and applied his bold and imaginative approach to resolve human issues. Secular in thought, simple and sincere in deed, he was a freedom fighter and socialist politician beyond par. When he died in October 1954, possibly of health run down by untiring hard work, he was recognized to have been a man who cared little for material possessions but much for strengthening his country.

A road in the city of Calcutta has been named Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road in his honor.

For more reading, refer a book on Rafi Ahmad Kidwai by Dr. Md.Hashim Kidwai under the series Builders of Modern India (language English and Urdu).

Link:

http://publicationsdivision.nic.in/Lang-Pub/Urdu/LU28.htm

Rafiq Zakaria [1926-2005] : Scholar, Writer

Rafiq Zakaria

A lawyer by training, Dr Zakaria had a brilliant academic career: He was awarded the chancellors gold medal for BA and later earned a doctorate with distinction from London University. In his 50 years in politics, he served one term as a cabinet minister in Maharashtra and later became a deputy leader of the ruling Congress party in the Indian parliament.

He also represented India in the United Nations three times – in 1965, 1990 and in 1996.

He remained a lifelong votary of education as a means of social transformation – the 50 educational institutions created by him across Maharshtra speak volumes of his concerns for the upliftment of his community.
[ http://ww1.mid-day.com/news/city/2005/july/113581.htm ]

Indian scholar Rafiq Zakaria dies
The eminent Indian Islamic scholar and writer Rafiq Zakaria has died at his residence in the western city of Mumbai, also known as Bombay.

The 79-year-old complained of acute back pain shortly before he died early on Saturday morning.

A scholar on Indian politics and religion, Dr Zakaria was a prolific writer on India, Islam and British imperialism.

He was also associated with India's ruling Congress party.

Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh described Dr Zakaria as a "true patriot, nationalist and great scholar" in a condolence message to his family, the Press Trust of India said.

A doctorate from the University of London, Dr Zakaria also represented India at the United Nations.

Communalism

His books include studies of former Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru and the founder of Pakistan, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, and an intellectually provocative study on whether Mahatma Gandhi was responsible for the break-up of India.

Dr Zakaria's book 'Communal Rage In Secular India' explored the rising communalism in his country in the aftermath of the riots in western Gujarat state in 2000.

Last month, Dr Zakaria criticised India's main opposition leader LK Advani for describing Mr Jinnah as a "man who made history" during a visit to Pakistan.

"By calling Jinnah a man who created history, Advani tacitly endorsed the two-nation theory, the partition of India and the unprecedented violence that went with it," the feisty scholar told The Times of India newspaper in an interview.

He is survived by his wife, a daughter and three sons, including Fareed Zakaria, editor of Newsweek International magazine.
Story from BBC NEWS:
[ http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/south_asia/4666793.stm ]

Published: 2005/07/09 08:04:04 GMT

S K Gamiruddin Sarker [1915- ] : Freedom Fighter

S K Gamiruddin Sarker

Born 02 February 1915 at Bolla ,West Dinajpur, Bangladesh, s/o Late Baziruddin Sarkar. Belonged to Yugantar Party. Arrested in 1934. Sentenced to 6 years prison . Deported to Andamans. Took part in second hunger strike. Total jail period more than 8 years.

http://www.andamancellularjail.org/S4.htm

Saif-ud-Din Kitchlew [1888-1963]: freedom fighter

Charu Bahri
for, IndianMuslims.info

Saif-ud-Din Kitchlew was born in Amritsar in January 1888 to Azizuddin Kitchlew and Dan Bibi. His father, a Kashmiri Muslim was a well-to-do pashmina and saffron trader, himself son of a similar merchant named Ahmed Jo, who had migrated from Kashmir in the middle of the 19th century. His ancestry is further traced to a brahmin family of Baramulla where one of his ancestors named Prakash Ram Kitchlew is said to have accepted Islam.

Dr. Kitchlew schooled in India but pursued his graduation studies from Cambridge University, successfully acquiring a B.A. Subsequently, he studied law in London and even obtained a doctorate from the German University of Munster. Once his studies were complete though, he returned to India and started practicing law.

He took a keen interest in social and political activities. His earliest achievement in social leadership was his election as Municipal Commissioner of the city of Amritsar in 1919. His political involvement slowly grew in momentum alongside the Indian freedom struggle. The peoples’ reaction to the Rowlatt Acts inspired him to actively participate in the nationalist movement as a result of which he was arrested with Dr. Satyapal for leading protests against the legislation in Punjab. At this time, Mahatma Gandhi was also prevented from entering Punjab. The famed Jallianwala Bagh public meeting was called to protest the arrest of these leaders when General Reginald Dyer and his troops appeared on the scene, blocked the only entrance to the venue and fired pitilessly on the unarmed, peaceful civilian gathering. Hundreds were killed and over a thousand were injured. The act was derided as the worst oppressive attack on civilians since the Indian mutiny of 1857 and as a result, riots broke out throughout Punjab and in other places.

A true nationalist, Dr. Kitchlew’s contribution as a Muslim freedom fighter from Punjab is believed to have been underplayed. In his Punjabi play, Jallianwala (published by the Nanak Singh Pustakmala), Dr. Santokh Singh Sheharyar has elucidated several interesting facts about Kitchlew’s life.

Dr. Sheharyar’s writing suggests that though Dr. Kitchlew was an ardent Muslim, he was equally sincere about and worked for Hindu-Muslim unity. Apparently, Kitchlew’s first speech after the Jallianwala Bagh tragedy went on the lines of, “This is a day of rejoicing. This day created a new age. This day made us one. Hindus and Muslims are not two, the only difference is that one party calls God ‘Parmeshwar’ and the second calls Him ‘Allah’. The inhabitants of India are the product of this land. How can we be separated?�

When he saw water being served at the local railway station as ‘Hindu pani’ (Hindu water) and ‘Muslim pani’ (Muslim water), Kitchlew would personally intervene to serve water to members of both communities from the same pitcher.

Meanwhile, Dr. Saif-ud-Din Kitchlew rose in position in the Indian National Congress. He initially gained experience working with the Punjab Provincial Congress Committee. In 1924, he was elected general secretary of the All India Congress Committee. He was also chairman of the reception committee of the Congress session in Lahore in 1929-30, where on January 26 1930 the Congress declared Indian independence as its aim and called for an era of civil disobedience to achieve complete independence.

Dr. Kitchlew was one of the founders of Naujawan Bharat Sabha or Indian Youth Congress, which enthused thousands of Indian youth to the cause of nationalism. As a result of his involvement with the political movement and his passionate, inspiring speeches, he was arrested a number of times during the freedom struggle.

Dr. Kitchlew was also member of the Foundation Committee of the Jamia Millia Islamia. A staunch Indian and believer in nationalism, Saif-ud-Din Kitchlew vehemently opposed the Muslim League’s demand for Pakistan. In fact, in 1947 he strongly opposed the Congress party’s acceptance of the partition of India. He spoke out against this decision at public meetings across the country, even at the All India Congress Committee session that ultimately voted for the resolution. He is said to have called this vote a “surrender of nationalism for communalism.�

Post partition and independence, Dr. Kitchlew left the Congress and came closer to the Communist Party of India. He moved to Delhi and spent the rest of life working for closer political and diplomatic relations with the USSR, in appreciation of which he received the Lenin Award for International Peace.

Saif-ud-Din Kitchlew died in October 1963.

Salim Ali [1896-1987]: Ornithologist

Salim Ali (ornithologist)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Sálim Ali, born Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali, (November 12, 1896 - July 27, 1987). was an Indian ornithologist and natural historian. Known as the "Birdman of India", Salim Ali was among the first to conduct systematic bird surveys in India and his books have contributed enormously to the development of professional and amatuer birdwatching in India.

Early Life

Orphaned at a young age, Salim Ali was brought up by his maternal uncle, Amiruddin Tyabji in a middle-class muslim household in Khetwadi, Mumbai. He was introduced to the study of birds when he met W.S. Millard, secretary of the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) to help him identify an unusually coloured sparrow that he had shot for sport. Millard identified it as a yellow-throated sparrow, and showed him around the Society's collection of stuffed birds. This was a key event in his life and Salim took a keen interest in birds and pursued a career in ornithology, an unusual career choice in those days. Salim Ali's cousin Humayun Abdulali also later became an ornithologist.

Burma and Germany

Following a difficult first year in college, Salim Ali dropped out and went to Tavoy, Burma to look after the family mining and timber interests there. The forests sorrounding this area provided an opppurtunity for Ali to hone his naturalist's (and hunting) skills. On his return to India in 1917, he resumed his education, graduating with a B.Arts (Honors) degree in Zoology. He also married a distant relation, Tehmina in 1918. Lacking an advanced degree, Ali failed to get an ornithologist's position at the Zoological Survey of India and decided to study further after he was hired as guide lecturer at the newly opened natural history section of the Prince of Wales Museum in Mumbai. He went on study leave to Germany where he trained under Professor Erwin Stresemann.

The Princely States

On his return, still unable to find a suitable job, Ali undertook systematic bird surveys of the various princely states under the sponsorship of those states. He was aided in his surveys by advice from Hugh Whistler. He wrote "My chief interest in bird study has always been its ecology, its life history under natural conditions and not in a laboratory under a microscope. By travelling to these remote, uninhabited places, I could study the birds as they lived and behaved in their habitats."

Ali rediscovered a rare weaver-bird species, Finn's Baya in the Kumaon Terai region, but failed to find the Mountain Quail (Ophrysia superciliosa) although he attempted an expedition to find it.

He was accompanied on all the early ornithological surveys by his wife for which he was always grateful. In 1939, Salim Ali's wife Tehmina died suddenly after minor surgery.

Salim Ali was very influential in ensuring the survival of the BNHS and managed to save the 200-year old institution by writing to the then Prime Minister Pandit Nehru for financial help.

Although recognition came late, he received numerous awards including the J. Paul Getty International Award, the Golden Ark of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the golden medal of the British Ornithologists' Union (a rarity for a non-Britisher), the Padma Shri and the Padma Vibhushan from the Indian Government, three honorary doctorates, and numerous other awards. He was nominated to the Rajya Sabha in 1985. Dr. Ali's influence helped save the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary and the Silent Valley National Park. In 1990, the Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History (SACONH) was established at Kalayampalayam, Coimbatore, aided by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Government of India.

He also took an interest bird photography along with his friend Loke Wan Tho.

Dr. Salim Ali died in 1987 at the age of 91 after a prolonged battle with prostate cancer.

Writing

Salim Ali has written a number of popular and academic books, many of which have become standard references and guides for the study of birds in the Indian subcontinent. He is the author of

* Fall of a Sparrow, (Autobiography) (1985)
* The Book of Indian Birds, Bombay: BNHS (1941)
* Handbook of the Birds of India & Pakistan (Vols. 1-10) with Dillon Ripley, Bombay: Oxford University Press(OUP) (1964-74)
* Common Birds with Laeeq Futehally, New Delhi: National Book Trust(NBT) (1967)
* A Pictorial Guide to the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent with Dillon Ripley, Bombay: OUP (1983)
* Common Indian Birds, A Picture Album New Delhi: NBT (1968)
* Hamare Parichat Pakshee with Laeeq Fatehally (Hindi). New Delhi: NBT (1969)
* Handbook of the Birds of India & Pakistan (compact edition) with Ripley, D., Bombay: OUP (1987)
* The Book of Indian Birds (12th and enlarged centenary ed.) New Delhi: BNHS & OUP (1996)
* Bird Study in India: Its History and its Importance New Delhi: ICCR (1979)
* The Great Indian Bustard (Vols.1-2). with Rahmani, A. Bombay: BNHS (1982-89)

Regional Guides

* Birds of Bhutan with Biswas, B. & Ripley, D., Calcutta: Zoological Survey of India (1996)
* The Birds of Bombay and Salsette with H Abdulali, Bombay: Prince of Wales Museum (1941)
* The Birds of Kutch, London: OUP (1945)
* Indian Hill Birds Bombay: OUP (1949)
* The Birds of Travancore and Cochin Bombay: OUP (1953)
* The Birds of Gujarat Bombay: Gujarat Research Society (1956)
* A Picture Book of Sikkim Birds Gangtok: Government of Sikkim (1960)
* The Birds of Sikkim Delhi: OUP (1962)
* Birds of Kerala Madras: OUP (1969)
* Field Guide to the Birds of the Eastern Himalayas Bombay: OUP (1977)
* The Vernay Scientific Survey of the Eastern Ghat; Ornithological Section�Together with The Hyderabad State Ornithological Survey 1930-38 with Whistler, H., Kinnear, N., (undated)

Technical Studies and Reports

* Studies on the Movement and Population of Indian Avifauna Annual Reports I-4. with Hussain, S.A., Bombay: BNHS (1980-86)
* Ecological Reconnaissance of Vedaranyam Swamp, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu Bombay: BNHS (1980)
* Harike Lake Avifauna Project (co-author) Bombay: BNHS (1981)
* Ecological Study of Bird Hazard at Indian Aerodromes (Vols. I & 2). with Grubh, R. Bombay: BNHS (1981-89)
* Potential Problem Birds at Indian Aerodromes with Grubh, R. Bombay: BNHS
* The Lesser Florican in Sailana with Rahmani et al. Bombay: BNHS (1984)
* Strategy for Conservation of Bustards in Maharashtra (co-author) Bombay: BNHS (1984)
* The Great Indian Bustard in Gujarat (co-author) Bombay: BNHS (1985)
* Keoladeo National Park Ecology Study with Vijayan, S., Bombay: BNHS (1986)
* A.Study of Ecology of Some Endangered Species of Wildlife and Their Habitat. The Floricans with Daniel J.C. & Rahmani, Bombay: BNHS (1986)
* Status and Ecology of the Lesser and Bengal Floricans with Reports on Jerdon’s Courser and Mountain Quail Bombay: BNHS (1990)

Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salim_Ali_(ornithologist)

Sania Mirza : Tennis

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Sania Mirza (born November 15, 1986, Mumbai, India) is a professional female tennis player from India. She turned professional in 2003. Till date she is the highest ranked female tennis player ever from India (She had a rank of 70, her highest ever, by end-June 2005). As of July 2005, she ranks 5th among Asian women.

She has earned a lot of following in India as she is one of the very few young women from the country to have done well at the highest levels of sport.

Sania began playing tennis at the age of six. Sania won the Wimbledon Championships Girls' Doubles title in 2003, teaming up with Alisa Kleybanova of Russia.

She got a wild card entry to the 2005 Australian Open and created history by becoming the first Indian woman to enter the third round of a Grand Slam tournament. She lost in the 3rd round to eventual champion Serena Williams. On February 12, 2005, she became the first Indian woman to win a WTA singles title defeating Alyona Bondarenko of Ukraine in the Hyderabad Open Finals.

In her Wimbledon Championships debut, Mirza won her first match at the 2005 event, defeating Akiko Morigami of Japan in three very tight sets, 6-3, 3-6, 8-6. However, she was narrowly defeated in the second round by Svetlana Kuznetsova (a player whom she had defeated earlier in the year for her first top ten victory) 4-6, 7-6, 4-6.

Career Highlights

2005 Japan Open: reaches the semi-finals of women's singles and doubles (partnering Shahar Peer of Israel); reaches her highest doubles ranking of 114.

2005 US Open: reaches 4th round by defeating Marion Bartoli of France in straight sets (7-6(4), 6-4) before losing to top seed Maria Sharapova 6-2, 6-1. Voted Best Player of the day on the 3rd day for winning her 2nd round match despite bleeding toes.

2005 Forest Hills Women's Tennis Classic, New York: reaches her second WTA final but fails to win

2005 Acura Classic: upsets Nadia Petrova in 2nd round but loses in the third round to Akiko Morigami of Japan (2-6,6-4,4-6). By beating the 8th-ranked Petrova, she breaks into top 50 in world rankings for the first time ever.

2005 Dubai Tennis Championships: 2nd Round: Upset reigning US Open Champion Svetlana Kuznetsova 6-4, 6-2 to reach the quarter-finals

2005 Hyderabad Open singles: Won the tournament defeating Alyona Bondarenko of Ukraine 6-4, 5-7, 6-3 in the final and became the first Indian woman to capture a WTA singles title.

2005 Australian Open singles: 3rd round: Became first Indian woman to reach the 3rd round of a Grand Slam tournament.

2004 Hyderabad Open doubles: Won the tournament (partnering with Liezel Huber) to become the youngest Indian to win a WTA or ATP tour title and the first Indian woman to capture a WTA tour title.

2003 Junior Wimbledon Championships doubles: Won the tournament (partnering with Alisa Kleybanova) to become the youngest Indian and the first Indian woman to win a junior Grand Slam title.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sania_Mirza

Serajul Haque [1907- ] Freedom Fighter

Serajul Haque

Born 15 February 1907, Hooghly, West Bengal s/o Late Abdul Jalil-Govt service, Sub Registrar. Joined Yugantar Party at the age of 17. Participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930 and had to suffer imprisonment for 3 months. Arrested on 03.11.1931 and convincedto 5 years R.I. under Arms Act in Calcutta. Deported to Andamans. Participated in the first hunger strike. Repatriated and released but interned.

http://www.andamancellularjail.org/H1.htm

Shah Nawaz Khan [1914-1983] : freedom fighter

Charu Bahri
IndianMuslims.info

Shah Nawaz Khan was a Punjabi Muslim born in present day Pakistan on 24 Jan 1914. He served in an Indian regiment under the British Empire during the Second World War. He was captured by the Japanese in South Asia and handed over to the Indian National Army (INA), with the intention that he be commissioned as a soldier. Soon after he joined the INA, Subhas Chander Bose took over its leadership from Lieutenant-Colonel Bhonsle and galvanized his ranks to wage war against the British. It was Bose’s or Netaji’s, as he was known, optimism and leadership that transformed demoralized cynical officers into a fighting force to be reckoned with.

Shah Nawaz was both influenced by and loyal to Netaji until the tragic air crash in 1945 in which Netaji is said to have succumbed to injuries. It is interesting to note that Shah Nawaz, one of Netaji’s top generals, was a Muslim. Other senior generals were Sikh and Hindu respectively, indicating that for Bose, the caliber of his personnel was of paramount importance, not their personal faiths.

After Netaji’s death, even though many refused to believe it had actually transpired, INA officers were uncertain of their future as none other in their midst was as magnetic as Netaji and able to take over their leadership.

It was either surrender or death (suicide), the latter being a Japanese war tradition they were well exposed to – suicide being preferable to facing defeat. However, the decision that prevailed was surrender. The INA troops were disarmed and three senior officers, Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem K Sehgal and Gurbax Singh Dhillon were made to stand trial at the Red Fort in Delhi.

The British had perhaps not recognized this situation for what it was – an ideal opportunity for the Indian National Congress to rally support from the masses around the captured, disarmed soldiers and push for a free India. As the British did not want more trouble on their hands, the soldiers put to trial on charges of treason were eventually released.

But not before many senior Indian leaders had spoken out in their defense. Around this time, it is said that Jinnah offered to defend Shah Nawaz Khan if he stood separate from his comrades, but Shah Nawaz resolutely refused this offer. Jawaharlal Nehru, who was known to criticize the ways of the INA, stepped forward to advocate their cause.

Along with Nehru, Bhulabhai Desai also pleaded for the trio to save them from a death penalty, life imprisonment or fine. The defense team explained that the soldiers should be treated as prisoners of war as they were not paid mercenaries but bona fide soldiers of a legal government, the Provisional Government of Free India, or the Arzi Hukumate Azad Hind, which they recognized as their sovereign, even if this amounted to being misinformed patriots.

There are those who believe Nehru had vested interests in getting involved in this trial, that he had already identified Shah Nawaz as a Muslim who could be very useful as a politician. However, it must be said that though opportunistic, it was the prudent choice for Shah Nawaz – Netaji had died, the INA had been dismantled, the Indian National Congress had led the country to freedom, former INA members received no pensions at the time in free India and were debarred from entering the Indian Armed Forces. Against this, he had been invited to join the party. In spite of all that would be said against him, he had to think of his future.

After independence in 1947, Shah Nawaz was given a berth in the Nehru Cabinet. He fought three Lok Sabha elections under the INC banner, from Meerut (Uttar Pradesh). During his tenure, he was appointed Minister of State (railways) and later parliamentary secretary to the Minister for transport and railways.

In 1956, in response to public clamor to investigate the circumstances of Subhas Chander Bose’s death, Nehru constituted a committee to delve into the matter. The committee was headed by INA Major General, Shah Nawaz Khan, and included Suresh Chandra Bose, elder brother of Netaji, and S N Mitra, a nominee of the West Bengal Government.

The Committee began its work in April 1956 and concluded four months later when all three members of the Committee signed a paper that stated that Netaji indeed died in the aeroplane crash at Taihoku (Japanese for Taipei) in Formosa (now Taiwan), on August 18, 1945.

The Committee also commented that the ashes kept at Tokyo's Renkoji Temple were of Subhas Bose. It recommended to the Government to bring the ashes to India with due honor and erect a memorial.

The Shah Nawaz Committee report drew heavily from the testimonies of many of Netaji’s co-passengers on the ill-fated plane, such as the sole Indian witness Colonel Habibur Rehman, Netaji’s trusted adjutant, who traveled from Pakistan to testify. The Committee also interviewed the doctors who tried to revive Netaji at hospital.

Diplomatic reasons prevented the Committee from visiting Taiwan but they did study reports of secret enquiries concerning Netaji, conducted by civil and military intelligence soon after the war.

Sadly, Shah Nawaz died on 9 Dec 1983 unremembered in Uttar Pradesh.

For more reading, refer:

My Memories of INA & its Netaji by Shah Nawaz Khan, foreword by Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru published by Rajkamal Publications, Delhi, 1946.

Shah Nawaz Speaks by Abdul Bari published in Lahore, 1946.

Shahabuddin Yaqoob Quraishi [b,1947] : Bureaucrat

Quraishi � a man of integrity
Yoginder Gupta
Tribune News Service

Chandigarh, 29 June 2006.

Haryana IAS officers were pleasantly surprised today when the Centre announced the appointment of Dr S.Y. Quraishi as the Election Commissioner of India, particularly after two of their colleagues were literally cheated out of the post of Cabinet Secretary recently. Their claim to the coveted post was defeated when one-year extension was granted to the present incumbent.

Dr Quraishi’s appointment has been particularly welcomed by the Haryana bureaucracy because there is hardly an officer of the state who can claim to nurse a genuine grievance against him.

A 1971-batch IAS officer, Dr Quraishi is known for his unimpeachable integrity. He would not accept gifts even from his colleagues on festivals like Id and Divali, when exchanging gifts is an accepted practice.

Once, when he was Resident Commissioner of Haryana in Delhi, he sent a special messenger to return a gift left for him by an MLA on a festival.

Those who have worked closely with him vouch for his courage to give his frank opinion even before a tough and rough political master. Of course, he believes that in a democracy the final decision lies with elected representatives of the people. But this will not deter him from expressing his views even on an issue, on which he would know what particular action his political bosses wanted.

Dr Quraishi is the delight of media persons.

He would never avoid them. Therefore, the media can expect him to be very open as the Election Commissioner, a post, which he will be the first IAS officer of Haryana to hold.

Born on June 11, 1947, in Delhi, Dr Quraishi is at present the Secretary, Union Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. He has held several key positions, including that of Special Secretary (Health) & Director General of the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), the Director-General, Doordarshan, the Director-General of Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan, the country’s largest rural youth development agency, and earlier to this as Director, Women and Child Development. He founded the Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development at Sriperumbudur (TN) and was its Director from 1993 to 1997. He was the team leader in framing India’s National Perspective Plan for Youth-2020 and mainstreaming gender issues.

Dr Quraishi is an expert on gender and HIV/AIDS and is known for his extensive work in the field of population, Women and Child Development, particularly ICDS, youth, adolescent and health-related issues. UN and other international organisations have availed the expertise of Dr Quraishi in these fields.

A post-graduate in history, he did his Ph.D in the areas of communication and social marketing. The title of his doctoral thesis was “The Role of Communication and Social Marketing in Development of Women and Children�. His book ‘Social Marketing for Social Change’ has broken new ground in the field of development communication and is considered as a pioneering effort with special reference to women and children.

He has authored two path-breaking papers, “Islam, Muslims and Family Planning in India’, and “Islam & AIDS�.

As a Consultant to UNICEF, he developed an approach and strategy paper for the ‘Draft National Plan on Youth in the Service of Children’ that extensively covered gender issues. The UNFPA nominated him as a Specialist and Resource Person for the International Conference on Islam and Family Planning at Ankara, 1995.

Apart from his intellectual qualities, his friends hold him in high esteem for his human qualities.

Source:

Tribune India

Syeda Saiyidain Hameed : member, Planning Commission

Syeda Saiyidain Hameed

Member, Planning Commission, Government of India.

2000 to present:

Founder Member: Muslim Women’s Forum
Forum is involved in Legal Literacy for Muslim women, for voicing concerns of Muslim women to government and interfacing with Ulemas on matters concerning their rights.

Founder Trustee: Women’s Initiative for Peace in South Asia (WIPSA)
An organization of women as catalysts for people to people contact in the South Asian region on a sustained basis to bring about a climate of peace in the region through dialogue. Women’s Bus of Peace from Delhi to Lahore and Lahore to Delhi, later Women’s Bus of Peace from Kolkata to Dhaka was one of the highlights of this initiative.

Founder Member: South Asians for Human Rights (SAHR)
A regional membership based body focusing on human rights issues in the South Asian Region. It consists of members from the 5 countries namely Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Srilanka and Nepal. It is committed to addressing Human Rights at both regional and national level.

Founder Trustee: Centre for Dialogue and Reconciliation
Serving as an initiative that links the issues of dialogue with justice and equity and through this integral link, begins to serve as a catalyst for both internal and external peace and reconciliation in South Asia.

1987 to 2000

Member National Commission for Women, Govt. of India
National Commission for Women (NCW) is a statutory body under the National Commission for Women Act 1990. The powers of the Commission are listed under Section 10 of the Act and encompassed under the clause ‘ To investigate and examine the safeguards provided to women under the Constitution of India and make recommendations to govt. on the proper working of the safeguards.’

1991-1994 Nehru Memorial Museum and Library
- Worked on Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad

1987-1991 Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR)
- Worked on Azad and Also on Sufism
Present Honorary Positions

* Trustee National Foundation of India
* Trustee Dalit Foundation
* Governing Board Member Indian Social Institute
* Trustee Janvikas, Ahmedabad Gujarat
* Trustee Navsarjan Ahmedabad Gujarat
* Governing Board Member Centre for Women’s Development Studies India
* Member Governing Body: Rajdhani College
* Member Jury Sarojini Naidu Prize for Journalism (Hunger Project)

Past Honorary Positions

* Member Women’s Empowerment Committee, Govt. of NCT Delhi
* Chairperson Governing Body: Lady Irwin College
* Member Management Committee: Modern School
* Member Delhi Urdu Academy
* Member Haryana Urdu Academy
* Member National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language

Administration

* 1975-1978: Executive Assistant to Minister of Advanced Education and Manpower Govt. of Albetra, Canada
* 1978-1985: Director of Colleges and Universities, Govt. of Alberta, Canada

Teaching

* 1972-1974: Sessional Lecturer University of Alberta, Canada
* 1965-1967: Lecturer, Lady Shri Ram College, New Delhi, India

Personal

Resident of Delhi, Born in Kashmir, Traveled in South Asia, USA, Canada. A few countries in West Asia, South East Asia, UK and Europe. Husband: Dr. S.M.A. Hameed (late) was Professor of Business Administration and Commerce at the University of Alberta, Canada. Three children: Dr. Morad Hameed, Assistant Professor of Surgery, University of Calgary, Canada, Yavar Hameed, Lawyer in Ottawa, Canada and Ayesha Hameed, Phd student at York University, Canada.

Tipu Sultan [1750-1799] : Ruler of Mysore

Tipu Sultan was born in Devanhalli, Karnataka. He took over as ruler of Mysore after the death of his father Hyder Ali around 1782.

"Mysore was profitable and well organized, with good trade routes and a European style army. In effect, everything the British feared."

Conflict with British resulted in for Mysore wars (1767-69, 1780-84, 1790-92, and 1799). He was martyred in 1799.

4 May 1783: became ruler of Mysore.

4 May 1799: Tipu Sultan is killed in the batterfield in Srirangaptnam.

sites :

tipusultan.org

Tiger of Mysore gallery at BBC.

V. Khalid [b.1922] : Judge, Supreme Court of India

Mr. Justice Vazhakkulangarayil Khalid
Born: 1st July, 1922.

Education:
Municipal High School, Cannanore;
Government Brennen College, Tellicherry;
Presidency College, Madras and Law College, Madras.

8 March 1948 : Enrolled Advocate, Madras High Court. Did Criminal and Civil work at Cannanore and Tellicherry; and Criminal, Civil and Writ proceedings at Ernakulam.

7 March 1974: Appointed Judge.
24 August 1983: Appointed Chief Justice, Jammu & Kashmir.
25 June 1984: Appointed Judge, Supreme Court.
30 June 1987: Retired.

Mr. Justice V. Khalid
158, Secretariat Colony
2nd Street, Chennai-600 010.
Ph.26425514,26425149

Vaikom Muhammad Basheer [1908-1994]: Writer

Vaikom Muhammad Basheer

Vaikom Muhammad Basheer (b. at Thalayolapparambu in Vaikom, 21 January 1908; d. at Beypore in Calicut, 5 July 1994) is a modern Malayalam fiction writer. He was a thinker, humanist, freedom fighter, novelist and short story writer. The Indian government recognized his contributions by awarding him the prestigious Padma Sri in 1982.

Early life

Basheer, born in the village of Thalayolapparampu in northern Travancore, was the eldest child of devout Muslim parents. His father was in the timber business as a contractor, but the business did not do well enough for his large family to live in anything approaching luxury. After beginning his education at the local Malayalam school, he was sent to the English school in Vaikom, five miles away. While at school he fell under the spell of Mahatma Gandhi. He started wearing Khadar, inspired by the swadesi ideals. When Gandhi came to Vaikom to participate in the Vaikom Satyagraham (1924) Basheer went to see him. He managed to climb on to the car in which Gandhi travelled and touch his hand, a fond memory Basheer mentioned in many of his writings. He used to visit Gandhi's satyagrahashramam at Vaikom daily. He got punished for going late to school for this.

Freedom struggle involvement before journey

He resolved to join the fight for an Independent India, leaving school to do so while he was in the fifth form. Part of his purpose in joining the Indian National Congress was to help ensure that there was some Muslim representation in the pan-Indian movement. Since there was no active independence movement in Travancore or Kochi --being princely states -- he went to Kozhikode to take part in the Salt Satyagraha in 1930. His group was arrested before they could participate in the satyagraha. At the police station, they were beaten up and later remanded at Kozhikode sub-jail. Basheer was sentenced to three months imprisonment and sent to Kannur prison. He became inspired by stories of heroism by revolutionaries like Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru, who were executed while he was in Kannur jail. He and about 600 political prisoners then at Kannur were released after the Gandhi-Irwin pact of March 1931 . Freed from prison, he organised a terrorist movement and edited a revolutionary journal, Ujjivanam ('Uprising'). A warrant was issued for his arrest and he left Kerala.

Journey

After leaving Kerala, he embarked upon a long journey that took him across the length and breadth of India and to many places in Asia and Africa, a journey which spanned seven years, doing whatever work that seemed likely to keep him from starvation. His occupations ranged from that of a loom fitter, fortune teller, cook, newspaper seller, fruit seller, sports goods agent, accountant, watchman, cowman, hotel manager to living as an ascetic with Hindu saints and Sufi mystics in their hermitages in Himalayas and in the Ganga basin, following their customs and practices, for more than five years. There were times when, with no water to drink, without any food to eat, he came face to face with death. He probably travelled more miles, met more people, did more diverse occupations, saw more cultural diversity and witnessed first-hand more human misery and suffering than any other writer of the 20th century.

After the journey

After the journey, when returned to Kerala(1936-37)-- where he chose to live for the rest of his life-- he found that his family had gone bankrupt.

He tried to make a living as a sports goods agent in Ernakulam. After a bicycle accident, he lost the job, and wandered searching for a new one. He walked into the office of a newspaper 'Jayakesari' whose editor was also its sole employee. He did not have a position to offer, but offered to pay money if Basheer wrote a story for the paper. Basheer wrote his first story Ente Thankam (which was later published in the collection Vishappu under the name Thankam) at his request; the main character of the story based on a woman he saw everyday coming to draw water at a public water pipe in front of his residence.

Following this, he became a full time writer. During this period, he was near starvation most of the time, He struggled to pay rent and could not find money even for ink, paper and stamps, yet he wrote prolifically, stories, poems and political essays and sent them to various newpapers and publishers, for which he was rarely paid. (This scenario is described in detail in many of his works). He continued to contribute to the Independence movement through his articles for newspapers, most of them attacking Sir C. P. Ramaswami Iyer, the then Dewan of Travancore. Basheer was resident in a small single room in a hotel at Ernakulam, which was part of Kochi princely state. The Travancore State Congress was fighting for responsible government , and most of its leaders frequented Ernakulam to escape from the Travancore Dewan's police. Basheer and companions were under constant surveillance of spies of both states. Basheer's short-book Hathabhaagyayaaya ente naadu[My ill-fated motherland] and one act play Pattathinte Pekkinaavu[The terrible nightmare of Pattam Thanupilla] were banned in Travancore, and a warrant issued for his arrest if he entered Travancore. His house at Thalayolapparambu was searched and his mother and siblings harassed; Travancore police threatened to break his right arm to prevent his writing.

His works during the period appeared in many publications, of which he kept clippings. After his meeting with M. P. Paul, he was offered lodging at Paul's tutorial college, and also supervised the mess at the college. When Paul's tutorial shifted to Kottayam, Basheer also went to Kottayam. It was during a meeting of writers Sahitheesakhyam at Kottayam that Basheer read his draft of Baalyakaalasakhi.

Imprisonment and after

At Kottayam(1941-42), he was arrested and put in a police station lock-up, and later shifted to another lock up in Kollam Kasba police station. The stories he heard from policemen and prisoners there appeared in later works, and he wrote a few stories while at the lock-up itself. He spent a long time in lockup awaiting trial, and after trial was sentenced to 2 years six months imprisonment. He was sent to Thiruvananthapuram central jail. While at jail, he forbid M. P. Paul from publishing Baalyakaalasakhi. He wrote Premalekhanam(1943) while serving his term and published it on his release. Baalyakaalasakhi was published in 1944 after further revisions, with an introduction by Paul.

He then made a career as a writer, initially publishing the works himself and carrying them to homes in order to sell them. He ran two bookstalls in Ernakulam, Circle Bookhouse and later, Basheer's bookstall.

Once India achieved control of its destiny after obtaining Independance from British rule, he showed no further interest in active politics, though concerns over morality and political integrity are present all over his works.

Well into his forties, he surprised many of his acquaintances by marrying a woman much younger than him (Fabi Basheer) and settling down to a life of quiet domesticity with his wife and two children, Anees and Shahina, in Beypore, on the southern edge of Kozhikode.

The sheer reality of life that Basheer witnessed in his eventful life did not allow him to lead a sane and peaceful life; he was twice admitted to mental sanitoriums. He wrote one of his most famous works, Paaththummaayude aadu (Pathumma's Goat), while undergoing treatment in a mental hospital in Thrissur. The second spell of paranoia occurred after his marriage when he had settled down at Beypore. He recovered both times, and continued his writings.

He died in Beypore, on 5 July 1994.

Basheer is fondly called as Beypore Sultan (Sultan of Beypore). Though his works have been translated to English and eighteen Indian Languages, the peculiarity of the language he uses makes the translations lose a lot of sheen.

Writing Style

Language

Basheer is known for his unconventional style of language. He did not differentiate between literary language and the language spoken by the commons and did not care about the grammatical correctness of his sentences, thus upsetting many a critic. Initially, even his publishers were unappreciative of the beauty of this language; they edited out or modified conversations. Basheer was outraged to find his original writings transcripted into "standardized" Malayalam, devoid of freshness and natural flow, and he forced them to publish the original one instead of the edited one.

Basheer's contempt for grammatical correctness is exemplified by his statement Ninte Lodukkoos Aakhyaadam! ("Your goddamn grammar!") to his brother, who sermonizes him about the importance of grammar. (Paaththummaayude aadu)

Themes

An astute observer of human character, he skillfully combined humour and pathos in his works. Love, hunger and poverty are recurring themes in his works. There is enormous variety in them- of narrative style, of presentation, of philosophical content, of social comment and commitment. His association with India's Freedom Struggle, the experiences during his long travels and the conditions that existed in Kerala, particularly in the neighbourhood of his home and among the Muslim community--all had a major impact on them. Politics and prison, asceticism, pickpocketing, homosexuality, all were grist to his mill. All of Basheer's love stories have found their way into the hearts of readers; perhaps no other writer has had such an influence on the way Malayalis view love. He was a progressive writer and wrote criticizing the superstitious practices in his religion. Despite traces of atheism in some of his earlier works and his opposition to certain aspects of Islam, he identified himself as a religious Muslim and a firm believer in God.

Autobiographical element

One contrast among his works is between those that are primarily autobiographical as far as events and characters are concerned and those that are the product of the author's imagination. This is not to say that a novel or a story will always fall clearly into one category or another; the percentage of factual truth varies considerably. Whatever the case, a book published as fiction is to be read as such, in contrast with one published as 'memoirs'.

Works

Almost all of Basheer's writing can be seen as falling under the heading of prose fiction - short stories and novels, though there is also a one-act play and volumes of essays and reminiscences. Basheer's fiction is very varied and full of contrasts. There are poignant situations as well as merrier ones - and commonly both in the same narrative. There are among his output realistic stories and tales of the supernatural. There are purely narrative pieces and others which have the quality of poems in prose. In all, a superficially simple style conceals a great subtlety of expression.

His illustrious literary career started off with the novel Premalekhanam, a humorous love story between Keshavan Nair--a young bank employee and an upper caste Hindu (Nair)--and Saramma--an unemployed Christian woman. Hidden underneath the hilarious dialogues we can see a sharp criticism of religious conservatism, dowry and similar reactionary conventions existing in society. This was followed by the novel Baalyakaalasakhi--a tragic love story between Majeed and Suhra--which is among the most important novels in Malayalam literature in spite of its relatively small size (75 pages), and is commonly agreed upon as his magnum opus work. In his foreword to Baalyakaalasakhi, Jeevithathil Ninnum Oru Aedu [A Page From Life], M. P. Paul brings out the beauty of this novel, and how it is different from run-of-the-mill love stories.

The autobiographical Janmadinam is about a writer struggling to feed himself on his birthday. While many of the stories present situations to which the average reader can easily relate, the darker, seamier side of human existence also finds a major place, as in the novel Shabdangal (Voices, 1947), which faced heavy criticism for violence and vulgarity.

Ntuppuppaakkoraanaendaarnnu is a fierce attack on the superstitious practices that existed among Muslims. Its protagonist is Kunjupathumma, a naive, innocent and illiterate village belle. She falls in love with an educated, progressive, city-bred man, Nisaar Ahamed. Illiteracy is fertile soil for superstitions, and the novel is about education enlightening people and making them shed age-old conventions. Velichathinentoru velicham (a crude translation can be 'brightness is very bright!') one of the most quoted Basheer phrases occurs in Ntuppuppaakkoraanaendaarnnu. People boast of the glory of days past, their "grandfather's elephant's, but that is just a ploy to hide their shortcomings.

Mathilukal deals with prison life in the pre-independence days. It is a novel of sad irony set against a turbulent political backdrop. The novelist falls in love with a woman sentenced for life who is separated from him by insurmountable walls. They exchange love-promises standing on two sides of a wall, only to be separated without even being able to say good-bye. Before he "met" Naraayani, the loneliness and freedomlessness of prison life was killing Basheer; but when the orders for his release arrive he loudly protests, "Who needs freedom? Outside is an even bigger jail". The novel was later made into a film (MATHILUKAL, 1989) by Adoor Gopalakrishnan with Mammootty playing Basheer.

Sthalaththe Pradhaana Divyan, Aanavaariyum Ponkurishum, Muccheettukalikkarante makal and Ettukaali Mammoonju featured the life of real life characters in his native village of Thalayolapparambu (regarded as Sthalam in these works)

Published Works

1. Premalekhanam [The love letter] (Novel) (1943).
2. Baalyakaalasakhi [Childhood friend] (Novel) (1944).
3. Kathaabeejam [Story seed] (Play) (1945).
4. Janmadinam [Birthday] (Short stories) (1945).
5. Ormakkurippu [Jottings from memory] (Short stories) (1946).
6. Anargha nimisham [Invaluable instant] (See Anal Haq) (Short stories) (1946).
7. Shabdangal [Voices] (Novel) (1947).
8. Viddikalude Swargam [Fools' paradise] (Short stories) (1948).
9. Ntuppuppaakkoraanaendaarnnu [Me gran'dad 'ad an elephant] (Novel) (1951).
10. Maranaththinte Nizhalil [In the shadow of death] (Novel) (1951).
11. Muchcheettukalikkaarante Makal [The daughter of the card-shark] (Novel) (1951).
12. Paavappettavarudaey Vaeshya [The courtesan of the poor] (Short stories) (1952).
13. Sthalaththe Pradhaana Divyan [The principal divine of the place] (Novel) (1953).
14. Aanavaariyum Ponkurishum [Elephant scooper and Golden cross] (Novel) (1953).
15. Jeevithanizhalppaadukal [The shadows of life] (Novel) (1954).
16. Vishwavikhkhyaathamaaya Mookku [The world-renowned nose] (Short stories) (1954).
17. Vishappu [Hunger] (Short stories) (1954).
18. Paaththummaayude Aadu [Paaththumma's goat] (Novel) (1959).
19. Mathilukal [Walls] (Novel; basis for a film (1989) by Adoor Gopalakrishnan) (1965).
20. Oru Bhagavadgeethayum Kuraey Mulakalum [A Bhagavadgeetha and some breasts] (Short stories) (1967).
21. Thaaraa Specials (Novel) (1968).
22. Maanthrikapoochcha [The magic cat] (Novel) (1968).
23. Nerum Nunayum [Truth and lie] (Commentary and letters) (1969).
24. Ormmayudaey Arakal [The cells of memory] (Commentary and reminiscences) (1973).
25. Aanappooda [Elephant-hair] (Short stories) (1975).
26. Chirikkunna Marappaava [The laughing wooden doll] (Short stories) (1975).
27. Bhoomiyudaey Avakaashikal [The inheritors of the earth] (Short stories) (1977).
28. Anuraagaththintaey Dhinangal [The days of desire] (Diary; originally titled Kaamukantaey diary [The diary of the paramour] and changed later on the suggestion of M. T. Vasudevan Nair) (1983).
29. Bhaargavinilayam [The house named Bhaargavi] (Screenplay for a film (1964) by A. Vincent which is credited as the first horror cinema in malayalam; adapted from the short story Neelavelichcham [The blue glow]) (1985).
30. M. P. Paul (Reminiscences of his friendship with M. P. Paul) (1991).
31. Shinkidimunkan (Short stories) (1991).
32. Cheviyorkkuka! Anthimakaahalam!! [Hark! The final clarion-call!!] (Speech) (1992).
33. Yaa Ilaahi! [Oh God!] (Short stories published posthumously) (1997).

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaikom_Muhammad_Basheer

Wahida Prism Khan [b.1972] : Armed Forces

By Charu Bahri
IndianMuslims.info

Surgeon Lt. Commander Wahida Prism Khan was born on March 11, 1972 in village Thanna Mandi in Rajouri district of Jammu & Kashmir. Born to a middle-class family, in fact a teaching couple, her father Gulzar Ahmed was the headmaster of a government school while mother Hajra Kaser is still a schoolteacher. Wahida is one of five siblings, three sisters and two brothers. Like her, her eldest sister has also excelled as an inspector with the J & K police, a career that is seldom chosen by women, especially Muslim women from Jammu & Kashmir.

Wahida’s early and middle schooling took place in Rajouri. A Scout Guide, she was an active student leader throughout her schooldays, commanding platoons at school, college and at the state-level during an international jamboree of Scout Guides in Bangalore in 1987.

Post-schooling, she relocated to Jammu to study medicine, where she joined Jammu Medical College. When it came to making a career choice, Wahida was influenced by what she had heard about the Navy. While the presence of the Army in Jammu & Kashmir was apparent and something she was well exposed to, the Navy came across as different. She visualized her ideal career as a medley of discipline and plenty of physical activity, which the Navy suited to a tee. When coupled with the fact that she wanted to move out of her home state, for it offered limited career prospects, applying to the Navy seemed a good move.

She was selected for the Navy after an interview in Delhi. Two months later, on November 10, 1997, subsequent to an orientation training course at the Officers Training School in Lucknow, she was commissioned into the Navy.

Wahida married a former short-service commissioned officer, Major M F F Khan, a pathologist by profession. She now teaches microbiology at the Armed Forces Medical College in Pune.

Even though Wahida moved away from her home state, her personal life received severe blows from militancy back in Jammu & Kashmir. In 2001, her father was gunned down by militants during school hours. The event stunned the family, more so because Gulzar Ahmed was a helpful, popular man with no political affiliations.

Wahida credits her father for her success for his guidance, to work hard to achieve their goals, to be self-independent and do well in life. Her middle name, Prism, was also a special moniker from her father, who was especially enthralled by a prism’s seven reflecting colors, and thenceforth named her Wahida Prism.

Wahida, who has also served aboard naval ship INS Amba for 19 months, made waves on March 13, 2006, when she was selected as the first woman ever to command the passing out parade of over a hundred medical graduates including twenty two women officers, of the Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC) at Pune.

Wahida achieved this rare distinction by sheer grit and merit. The parade officer is selected based on his/her previous years’ performance. Her achievement speaks volumes for her sincerity and commitment, which may also be gauged from the comments of the director general of the college Vice Admiral V K Singh, when he introduced her to the invitees his words were ‘this young lady has done a good job.’

Besides being a testimony to the secular credentials of the armed forces, at a time when the army has been plagued by queries from civil sources to list its Muslim officers, Wahida’s selection as a parade commanding officer was perceived as a “paradigm shift� in what traditionally was a male bastion, marking the coming of age of gender equality in India’s armed forces.

Interestingly, Wahida lauds the armed forces for their secular fabric as well as for the absence of gender bias. Based on her personal experience, she states never having been privy to any special privileges meted out to a woman officer nor to any discrimination for the same reason.

While she mentions her husband’s support and encouragement as reasons for her success, possibly another underlying factor is her clarity of roles – she does not mix up her naval officer, her Kashmiri Muslim woman and mother’s roles – switching easily between each depending on the occasion.

Wahida also lists her candid acceptance of life’s happy and sad moments as a reason for her stability, contributing to her success. In 2005, she suffered much illness but resolutely fought her way back to health, all the more conscious of life’s blessings.

Yusuf K. Hamied : Business

Yusuf Hamied is the Chairman and Managing Director of Cipla Limited, a pharmaceutical company based in India.

Birth: 25th July 1936.

Education: PhD in Organic Chemistry, Cambridge University, UK.

1976: Became Managing Director of Cipla.

1989: Chairman of Cipla.

2005: Padma Bhushan awarded by the Government of India.

Zakir Hussain [1897-1969]: President of India

Term of Office: 13 May 1967 TO 3 May 1969

DR. ZAKIR HUSSAIN was born at Hyderabad on February 8, 1897, he came of a Pathan family of the upper middle-class, settled at Qaunganj in the District of Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh. His father, Fida Hussain Khan, went to Hyderabad, studied Law and had a most successful career. Unfortunately, he died when Dr. Zakir Hussain was only ten years old.

Dr. Zakir Hussain was sent first for his education to the Islamia High School in Etawah (U.P.) which specialised in puritanical strictures. After finishing school, he joined the M.A.O. College at Aligarh and studied upto the M.A. When the Indian National Congress and the All India Khilafat Committee joined hands in launching the Non-Cooperation Movement, Mahatma Gandhi toured the country to induce teachers and students to leave Government administered schools and colleges. The young Zakir Hussain, who was then half-student and half-teacher, very prominent among the students and very popular with a large section of the staff, persuaded Hakim Ajmal Khan and other leaders to establish a national institution at Aligarh, and the Jamia Millia Islamia came into being on 29 October, 1920. But Zakir Hussain did not wish to leave his studies incomplete and he went to the University of Berlin in Germany for higher studies in 1923, returning with a doctorate in Economics three years later. He rejoined the Jamia Millia in February-March, 1926 and became the Shaikhu Jamia (Vice-Chancellor). It was at the Jamia Millia that Dr. Zakir Hussain developed his gifts as an educationist. It was his experience here as well as his deep study of the philosophy of education which enable him to take charge of the scheme of Basic National Education when it was launched in 1938. He was the President of Hindustani Talimi Sangh, Sevagram from 1938 to 1948.

In November 1948, Dr. Zakir Hussain was appointed Vice-Chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University. He was also nominated a member of the Indian Universities Commission. The World University Service made him the Chairman of the Indian National Committee and in 1954 he was elected the World President of the organization. He was also nominated to the Rajya Sabha and made the Indian representative on the Executive Board of the UNESCO from 1956 to 1958. He remained the Chairman, Central Board of Secondary Education, till 1957, a member of the University Grants Commission till 1957, a member of the University Education Commission in 1948-1949 and of the Educational Reorganisation Committee of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. In 1957 he was appointed the Governor of Bihar and in 1962 he was declared elected as the Head of the State and was formally sworn in as the Third President of the Indian Republic four days later. He held the highest office of the country with exemplary grace and dignity till his sudden death on 3 May, 1969.

Dr. Zakir Hussain was awarded Padma Vibhushan in 1954 and Bharat Ratna in 1963. He was awarded D.Litt. (Honoris Causa) by the Universities of Delhi, Calcutta, Aligarh, Allahabad and Cairo.

Many demands were made on Dr. Zakir Hussain's time and he was not able to undertake many scholarly projects which he had in mind. His interest in literary and academic work was so keen that he translated Plato's 'Republic' and Cannon's 'Elementary Political Economy' into Urdu soon after joining the Jamia Millia in 1920. While in Germany, he got an edition of the 'Diwan-I-Ghalib' printed - doing much of the composition himself, because the press did not have enough staff - and also brought out a book in German on Mahatma Gandhi (Die Botschaft des Mahatma Gandhi') . He delivered a series of lectures on economics under the auspices of the Hindustani Academy and another series in English, on Capitalism: Essays in Understanding, under the auspices of the Delhi University in 1945. He also translated Friedrich List's 'Nationalockonomic'. His Convocation Addresses have been collected and published under the title "The Dynamic University". But he excelled in writing for children and his stories are masterpieces of style.

Tall, well-built, fair in complexion, with a noble forehead, a sensitive aristocratic nose, a well-trimmed beard and always neatly and tastefully dressed in sherwani and pyjama, Dr. Zakir Hussain was an imposing embodiment of culture and refinement. He was sensitive to beauty in all its forms and had an intense passion for excellence. His varied tastes and hobbies, his love of roses, his collection of cacti, fossils, paintings and specimens of calligraphy, objects d'art, and curios and above all, his rich library are evidence of his versatile personality.

He was steeped in the spiritual and aesthetic culture and the ethical principles of the Muslim Sufis and poets. He had the sufi's indifference towards the externals of religion and, though a deeply religious man, his religiosity was never obvious. It was the inspiration for secularism by which he endeared himself to men of different religious communities.

Dr. Zakir Hussain's nationalism was, like Gandhiji's, a reflection of his allegiance to the highest moral values and to the ideals of a culture which had become the whole of his own self. It was a nationalism which demanded for the individual that freedom which is the essence of democracy, that self-discipline which is the foundation of democratic citizenship and that identification with the good of the society which gives substance and meaning to the life of the individual.

Ref:

http://presidentofindia.nic.in/scripts/formerpresidents.jsp

http://www.councilofstates.nic.in/photo/rslobby/p3.html

List of Arjuna Award Winners

Arjuna Award is given by Government of India for achievements in sports. Here is the list of Muslim Arjuna Awardees.

1961 : Saleem Durani (Cricket)
1964 : Mansur Ali Khan Pataudi (Cricket)
1966 : Yusuf Khan (Football)
1969 : Mir Kasim Ali (Table Tennis)

1970 : Abbas Moontasir (Basketball)
1970 : S. Naeemuddin (Football)
1973 : A. Kareem (Ball Badminton)
1973 : Afsar Hussain (Yachting)
1973 : Dafadar Khan M. Khan (Equestrian)
1975 : L.A. Iqbal (Ball Badminton)

1980-81 : Mohammed Habib (Football)
1980-81 : Mohd. Shahid (Hockey)
1980-81 : Syed Modi (Badminton)
1980-81 : Syed M.H. Kirmani (Cricket)
1981 : Sabir Ali (Atheletics)
1982 : Farokh Tarapore (Yachting)
1983 : Zafar Iqbal (Hockey)
1984 : Capt. G. Mohd. Khan (Equestrian)
1986 : M. Azharuddin (Cricket)
1989 : Abdul Basith (Volleyball)

1996 : Moraad A. Khan (Shooting)
1997 : Asif Ismail (Tennis)
1998 : Mohd. Riyaz (Hockey)

2000 : Akhtar Ali (Tennis)
2000 : Jalaluddin Rizvi (Hockey)
2002 : Anwer Sultan (Shooting)
2002 : Md. Ali Qamar (Boxing)
2003 : Akram Shah (Judo)
2004 : Sania Mirza (Tennis)
2007: Farman Basha (Powerlifting)
2011: Zaheer Khan (Cricket)

List of Bharat Ratna Awardees

"Bharat Ratna is India's highest civilian award, awarded for the highest degrees of national service. This service includes artistic, literary, and scientific achievements, as well as "recognition of public service of the highest order." Unlike knights, holders of the Bharat Ratna carry no special title nor any other honorifics, but they do have a place in the order of precedence. Bharat Ratna roughly translates as 'Gem of India'."

1963: Dr. Zakir Hussain

1992: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
1997: A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

2001: Bismillah Khan

List of Dronacharya Award Winners

DRONACHARYA AWARDS

The Dronacharya Award, instituted in 1985, honours eminent Coaches who have successfully trained sportspersons or teams and enabled them to achieve outstanding results in international completions. The Awardee is given a statuette of Guru Dronacharya, a scroll of honour, ceremonial dress and a cash prize of Rs. 3.00 lakhs.

2005: Ismail Baig (Rowing)
2000 : S.M. Arif (Badminton)

1994 : Md. Ilyas Babar (Athletics)
1990 : Syed Naeemuddin (Football)

List of Gallantry Award winners

Not a complete list:

Param Vir Chakra

Company Havildar Major Abdul Hamid, (4 Grenadiers)

Maha Vir Chakra

Mohammed Ismail: 1947-48 Operation
Brig. Mohammed Usman: 1947 Indo-Pakistan War
Lt.Col Salim Galeb: 1965 Indo-Pak war

Ashok Chakra
The Ashok Chakra is awarded for valour, courageous action or self-sacrifice away from the battlefield. It is the peace time equivalent of the Param Vir Chakra and is awarded for the "most conspicuous bravery or some daring or pre-eminent valour or self-sacrifice" other than in the face of the enemy.

Vir Chakra

Kirti Chakra
Kirti Chakra is awarded for valor, courageous action or self-sacrifice away from the battlefield. It is the peacetime equivalent of the Maha Vir Chakra. It is second in order of precedence of peacetime gallantry awards.

2010: Rukshana Kausar and her brother Aijaz Ahmad for their act of bravery in killing a Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) commander in their Morha Kalsi village in Jammu and Kashmir in 2009.

2007: Mohd. Shan Ahmed (posthumous) was posted as Cash Overseer at post office Jhansi. On 26 December, 2005, resisted looting of cash and in the attempt succumbed to fatal injuries inflicted by armed miscreants. He belonged to Jhansi (UP).

Shaurya Chakra
The Shaurya Chakra is the third level award for gallantry away from the battlefield and by far the nearest equivalent of the Vir Chakra Award for Peacetime.

2011:
Lt. Commander Firdaus Darabshah Mogal, Navy (Posthumous)
Lance Naik Mohammad Shafi: 156 Infantry Battaliion TA (H&H) Punjab/ 58 Rashtriya Rifles
Major Gulam Mohammad Khan: 6th Battalion, Parachute Regiment
Havildar Mohammed Farooq: 162 Infantry Battalion (TA) J&K Light Infantry/ 47 Rashtriya Rifles
Havildar Ali Hussain: 12 Assam Rifles
Lance Naik Tanvir Ahmed: 163 Infantry Battalion TA (H&H) Sikh Light Infantry/ 58 Rashtriya Rifles
Sepoy Aijaz Ahmed: 159 Infantry Battalion TA (H&H) Dogra/ 11 Rashtriya Rifles
Sowar Mastan Khan: Armoured Corps/ 60 Rashtriya Rifles (Posthumous)

2010:
Captain Mudassar Iqbal: 2nd Battalion Bihar Regiment

2009:
Lance Havildar Aziz Mohd: 20 Jammu and Kashmir Rifles (Posthumous)
Sapper/Operator Executive Machinery Budhu Khan (Posthumous)
Naik Mohd Sadiq

2008:
Rifleman Abdul Hamid Chara: 162 Infantry Battalion TA (H&H)JAK LI/18 Rashtriya Rifles(posthumous)

2007:
Rifleman Raiece Ahmad Ganaie: Jammy & Kashmir Light Infantry/50 Rashtriya Rifles

2006:
Havildar Mohammad Maroof: 23 Rajput Regiment,
Havildar Abrahim: Jammu And Kashmir Light Infantry/47 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Riyaz Ahmad Bhat: Assam Regiment/35 Rashtriya Rifles

Bar to Sena Medal (gallantry)

Sena Medal (gallantry)

2013:
Major Nawajesh N. Patel: Parachute Regiment (Special Forces)/ 21 Rashtriya Rifles
Major Salim Khan: Sikh Regiment/ 6 Rashtriya Rifles

2012:
Grenadier Yakoob: The Grenadiers/ 39 Rashtriya Rifles

2011:
Lance Havildar Wali Mohd Khan: J&K Rifles/ 52 Rashtriya Rifles
Naik Talib Hussain: 159 Infantry Battalion (Territorial Army) (Home & Hearth) Dogra/ 26 Rashtriya Rifles
Lance Naik Mohammad Latief: J&K Light Infantry/ 31 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Ghulam Murtaza Kalgan: J&K Light Infantry/ 47 Rashtriya Rifles
Sowar Umar Farook Khan: Armoured Corps/ 24 Rashtriya Rifles

2010:
Deputy Commandant Mohammed Affan Farooqui: 44 Assam Rifles
Lance Naik Kifayat Hussain Lone: 9th Battalion, The Parachute Regiment (Special Forces)
Sepoy Mohammad Ibrahim: 156 Infantry Battalion (Territorial Army) (Home & Hearth) Punjab/ 59 Rashtriya Rifles
Sepoy Yousaf Ali: 156 Infantry Battalion (Territorial Army) (Home & Hearth) Dogra/ 10 Rashtriya Rifles
Sepoy Sabder Hussain: 159 Infantry Battalion (Territorial Army) (Home & Hearth) Dogra/ 26 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Wakeel Ahmed: Rajputana Rifles/ 18 Rashtriya Rifles
Gunner Islamuddin Laskar: Regiment of Artillery/ 62 Rashriya Rifles (Posthumous)

2009:
Havildar Ilyas Ali: 32 Assam Rifles
Lance Naik Javaid Ahmad Wani: Jamm and Kashmir Light Infantry// 44 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Mohamad Hadish: 24 Assam Rifles (Posthumous)

2008:
Subedar Mohd Rashid: Jammu and Kashmir Rifles/28 Rashtriya Rifles
Naik Mohammed Amin Bhat: Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry/62 Rashtriya Rifles
Sepoy Abdul Hamid: 153 Infantry Battalion (TA) Dogra
Sepoy Abdul Hamid: 156 Inf Bn TA (H&H) Punjab/58 Rashtriya Rifles
Sepoy Qumer-ud-din Beg: 156 Inf Bn TA (H&H) Punjab/58 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Ishtiaq Ahmed: Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry/18 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Mehmood Ahmed Itoo: Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry/33 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Mohd Yousaf Lone: 161 Infantry Battalion TA (H&H) JAK LI
Rifleman Mazafar Iqbal: 14 Assam Rifles

2007:
Captain Anas Ahmad: 19 Kumaon Regiment
Lance Naik Mehmood Shah: 3 Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry
Sepoy Mohd Sharief: 159 Infantry Batallion (TA)(H&G) Dogra, 23 Rashtriya Rifles
Sepoy Jabir Khan: Mechanised Infantry/9 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Gohar Ali Khan: Jammu & Kashmir Light Infantry/19 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Mohammad Sayed Mantoo: Jammu & Kashmir Fiels/18 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Abdul Rahim Dar: 162 Infantry Battalion (TA) JAK LI/14 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Nazir Ahmad Wani: 162 Infantry Battalion (TA) JAK LI/14 Rashtriya Rifles
Rifleman Md Ibrahim Khan: 33 Assam Rifles

2006:
Company Havildar Major Mohammad Ashraf Sheikh: 22 Maratha Light Infantry.
Lance Naik Farooq Ahmad Rather: 20 Jammu And Kashmir Rifles

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
The Param Vishsish Seva Medal is awarded to recognize "distinguished service of the most exceptional order" to all ranks of the armed forces. In practice, however, the award tends to be granted only to the most senior officers of the various branches of the Indian military. The award may be granted posthumously and subsequent awards are represented by a bar worn on the ribbon. The award carries with it the right to use "P.V.S.M." as postnominal letters.

2013:
Lieutenant General Syed Ata Hasnain, UYSM, ATSM, SM, VSM, Bar infantry: Army

2008:
Lieutenant General Zameer uddin Shah, SM, VSM: Regiment of Artillery(General Cadre)

Ati Vishisht Seva Medal

2011:
Air Vice Marshal Azeez Javeed, VSM: Administration

2009:
Major General Syed Ata Hasnain, SM, VSM: Infantry: HQ 19 Infantry Division

Vishisht Seva Medal

2013:
Major General Khurshed Maneck Balsara, SM, Infantry: Headquarters 3rd Infantry Division
Brigadier Umar Farook: A Corps of Signla/ Headquarters 5th Signal Group

2011:
Major General Tajuddin Moulali Mhaisale: Electronic and Mechanical Engineering/ Headquarter Technical Group Electronics and Mechanical Engineering.

2009:
Air Commodore Naseem Akhtar: Flying (Pilot)

2008:
Group Captain Zia Ahmad Rizvi: Logistics

Sena Medal

2011:
Colonel Zohair Ibn Salma Yazdai: Regiment of Artillery/ 44 Field Regiment

2009:
Brigadier Khurshid Maneck Balsara: Naga Regiment
Brigadier Pattiarimal Mohamadali Hariz, VSM: Mechanised Infantry/ HQ 91 Infantry Brigade

2008:
Colonel Steve Muzaffar Ismail: 2/1 Gorkha Rifles
Subedar Mohd Ilyas: 3, Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry Regimental Centre

Nao Sena Medal (gallantry)

2011:
Kamaludheen Firose: Mech (AR)

Vayu Sena Medal

2011:
Flight Lieutant Hasheer Hameed: Flying (Pilot)

2010:
Wing Commander Hilal Ahmad Rather : Flying (Pilot)

2009:
JWO Jawed Hussain Siddiqi, Flt Eng

Mention-in-dispatches

2010:
OP RAKSHAK:
Guardsman Abdul Rehman: Brigade of the guards, 21 Rashtriya Rifles.
OP RHINO:
Naib Subedar Mohd Shokit: 17 Jammu & Kashmir Rifles

2009:
Rakshak:
Lance/Naik Abdul Rashid Khan: Territorial Army, 5 Rashtriya Rifles
Rhino:
Captain Mudassar Iqbal: 2 Bihar

List of Padma Awardees

Padma Awards are generally given to Indian citizens to recognize their distinguished contribution in any sphere of activity including Arts, Education, Industry, Literature, Science, Games, Sports etc.

The recommendations for Padma Awards are received from the State Governments/Union Territory Administrations, Central Ministries/Departments, Institutions of Excellence, etc. which are considered by an Awards Committee. On the basis of the recommendations of the Awards Committee, and after approval of the Home Minister, Prime Minister and President, the Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day.

Padma Vibhushan

2013: S. Haider Raza [Art]: Delhi
2011: Dr. Akhlaq-ur-Rehman Kidwai [Public Affairs]: Delhi
2011: Azim Premji [Trade and Industry]: Karnataka
2010: Ebrahim Alkazi [Art]: Delhi
2010: Zohra Sehgal [Art]: Delhi
2006: Prof. Obaid Siddiqui [Science and Engineering]: Karnataka.
2001: Ustad Amjad Ali Khan [Arts]: Delhi
2000: Sikander Bakht [Public Affairs]: Delhi
2000: Ustad Vilayat Khan [Arts]: Refused
1991: Maqbool Fida Hussain [Arts]: Maharashtra
1990: Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam [Science & Engineering]: Delhi
1989: Ustad Ali Akbar Khan [Arts]: West Bengal
1988: Justice Mirza Hameedullah Beg [Public Affairs]: Delhi
1980: Ustad Bismillah Khan [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh
1977: Ali Yavar Jung Bahadur [Public Affairs]: Andhra Pradesh
1976: Col. Bashir Hussain Zaidi [Literature & Education]: Delhi
1976: Salim Moizuddin Ali Abdul [Science & Engineering]: Uttar Pradesh
1972: Ghulam Mohd. Sadiq [Public Affairs]: Jammu and Kashmir
1971: Ustad Allauddin Khan [Arts]: West Bengal
1967: Hafiz Mohammed Ibrahim [Civil Service]: Andhra Pradesh
1965: Mehdi Nawaz Jung [Public Affairs]: Andhra Pradesh
1955: Fazal Ali [Public Affairs] : Bihar
1954: Dr. Zakir Hussain [Public Affairs] : Andhra Pradesh

Padma Bhushan

2013: Abdul Rashid Khan [Art]: West Bengal

2012:
Shabana Azmi [Art - Cinema] : Maharashtra
Khaled Choudhury [Art - Theatre] : West Bengal

2011:
Mohammed Zahur Khayyam Hashmi alias Khayyam [Art - Cinema - Music]: Maharashtra
Waheeda Rehman [Art - Cinema]: Maharashtra

2010:
Aamir Khan [Art]: Maharashtra
Allah Rakha Rahman [Art]: Tamil Nadu
Ustad Sultan Khan [Art]: Maharashtra
Moosa Raza [Civil Service]: Delhi
Fareed Zakaria [Journalism]: USA
Prof. Mohammad Amin [Literature and Education]: Delhi

2009:
Shamshad Begum [Art]: Maharashtra
Dr. Khalid Hameed [Medicine]: NRI/ PIO

2008:
Ustad Asad Ali Khan [Art]: Delhi
Ustad Rahim Fahimuddin Dagar [Art]: Delhi
Mian Bashir Ahmed [Public Affairs]: Jammu & Kashmir

2007:
Javed Jan Nisaar Akhtar [Literature and Education]: Maharashtra
Syed Haider Raza [Art]: France
Hakim Syed Mohammad Sharfuddin Quadri [Medicine]: West Bengal
Tyeb Mehta [Art]: Maharashtra

2006:
Ustad Abdul Halim Jaffer Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Ustad Ghulam Mustafa Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Ustad Sabri Khan [Arts] : Delhi

2005:
Azim Premji [Trade and Industry]: Karnataka
Prof. Irfan Habib [Literature and Education] : Uttar Pradesh
Prof. Qurattulain Hyder [Literature and Education]: Noida, Uttar Pradesh
Dr. Sardar Anjum [Literature and Education]: Panchkula, Haryana
Syed Mir Qasim [Public Affairs]: Delhi
Dr. Yusuf Khwaja Hamied [Trade & Industry] : Maharashtra

2004: No Muslim.

2003:
Naseeruddin Shah [Arts]: Maharashtra

2002:
Habib Ahmed Khan Tanvir [Arts]: Delhi
Ismail Merchant [Arts]: Maharashtra
Zakir Hussain [Arts]: Maharashtra

2001:
Maulana Abdul Karim Parekh [Social Work]: Maharashtra

2000:
Begam Kudsia Aizaz Rasul [Social Work]: Uttar Pradesh
Maulana Wahiduddin Khan [Public Affairs]: Delhi

1998-99: No Muslim.

1993-97: No award given.

1992:
Hakim Abdul Hameed [Medicine]: Delhi
Naushad Ali Wahid Ali [Arts]: Maharashtra

1991:
Prof. Ali Ahmad Surror [Science & Engineering]: Uttar Pradesh
Amjad Ali Khan [Arts]: Delhi
Ebrahim Alkazi [Arts]: Delhi
Mohammad Yusuf Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra; screen name Dileep Kumar.
Syed Abdul Malik [Literature & Education]: Assam
Talat Manzoor Mahmood [Arts]: Maharashtra

1990:
Dr. Mohammad Khalilullah [Medicine]: Delhi

1989: No Muslim.

1988:
Shri Abid Hussain [Civil Service]: Delhi

1987:
Mohammed Yunus [Civil Service]: Delhi

1986:
Ustad Nasir Aminuddin Daggar [Arts]: West Bengal

1985:
Prof. Rais Ahmed [Literature & Education]: Delhi
Justice Sadat Abul Masud [Public Affairs]: West Bengal

1984:
Prof. Obaid Siddiqui [Science & Engineering]: Maharashtra

1983:
Prem Nazir [Arts]: Kerala

1982:
Ustad Khadim Hussain Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Dr. Syed Zahoor Qasim [Civil Service]: Delhi

1981: No Muslim.

1978-1980: No award given.

1977:
Dr. Yusuf Husain Khan [Literature & Education]: Delhi

1976:
Begum Zahra Ali Yavar Jung [Social Work]: Andhra Pradesh

1975:
Begum Akhtar [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh

1974:
Habibur Rahman [Science & Engineering]: Delhi

1973:
Maqbool Fida Hussain [Arts]: Delhi

1972:
Mohd. Hayath [Civil Service]: Karnataka
Dr. Syad Hussain Zaheer [Trade & Industry]: Andhra Pradesh

1971:
Ustad Amir Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Nisar Hussain Khan [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh

1970:
Ahmed Jan Thirkwa Khan [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh
Dr. Syed Abdul Latif [Literature & Education]: Andhra Pradesh

1969:
Prof. Haroon Khan Shervani [Literature & Education]: Andhra Pradesh
Rahim-ud-in Khan Dagar [Arts]: Delhi
Samad Yar Khan Nizami Sagar [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh

1968:
Ustad Bismillah Khan [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh
Ustad Vilayat Khan [Arts]: Refused to accept

1967:
Ustad Ali Akbar Khan [Arts]: West Bengal
Khwaja Ghulam Saiyidain [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh

1966: No Muslim.

1965:
Shri Akbar Ali Khan [Public Affairs]: Andhra Pradesh
Prof. Mohammad Mujeeb [Literature & Education]: Delhi

1964:
Prof. Mohd. Abdul Hai [Medicine]: Bihar
Nuruddin Ahmed [Public Affairs]: Delhi
Dr. Rafiuddin Ahmed [Medicine]: West Bengal
Dr. Sheikh Abdullah [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh

1963: No Muslim.

1962:
Asaf Ali Asghar Fyzee [Literature & Education]: Jammu and Kashmir
Bade Ghulam Ali Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Zafar Ali Khan [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Niaz Mohd. Fatehpuri [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh

1961: No Muslim

1960:
Ustad Hafiz Ali Khan [Arts]: Madhya Pradesh
Kazi Nazrul Islam [Literature & Education]: West Bengal

1959:
Ali Yavar Jung [Civil Service] : Maharashtra
Dr. Ghulam Yazdani [Science & Engineering]: Andhra Pradesh

1958:
Ustad Allauddin Khan [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh
Salim-Mozuddin Abdul Ali [Science & Engineering]: Maharashtra

1957:
Dr. Abid Hussain [Literature & Education] : Uttar Pradesh
Ustad Mushtaq Hussain Khan [Arts] : Madhya Pradesh

1955:
Nawab Zain Yar Jung [Public Affairs] : Andhra Pradesh

1954:
Josh Malihabadi[Literature & Education]: Delhi
Maulana Hussain Ahmed Madni [Literature & Education] : Punjab

Padma Shri

2013:
Ghulam Mohammad Saznawaz [Art]: Jammu and Kashmir
Ms. Mahrukh Tarapor [Art] : Maharashtra
S. Shakir Ali [Art] : Rajasthan
Prof. Mustansir Barma [Science and Engineering] : Maharashtra
Prof. (Capt.) Dr. Mohammad Sharaf-e-Alam [Literature & Education] : Bihar
Prof. Akhtarul Wasey [Literature & Education] : Delhi
Nida Fazli [Literature & Education] : Madhya Pradesh
Late Shaukat Riaz Kapoor Alias Salik Lakhnawi [Literature & Education] : West Bengal

2012:
Zia Fariduddin Dagar [Art - Music - vocal] : Maharashtra
Shahid Parvez Khan [Art - Instrumental Music-Sitar] : Maharashtra
Sakar Khan Manganiar [Art - Rajasthani Folk Music] : Rajasthan
Laila Tyebji [Art-Handicrafts] : Delhi
Shamshad Begum [Social Work] : Chattisgarh
Prof. Mahdi Hasan [Medicine-Anatomy] : Uttar Pradesh
Zafar Iqbal [Sports-Hockey] : Uttar Pradesh
Syed Mohammed Arif [Sports - Badminton]: Andhra Pradesh

2011:
Tabassum Hashmi Khan alias Tabu [Art - Cinema]: Maharashtra
Irfan Khan [Art- Cinema]: Maharashtra
Prof.(Dr.) E.A. Siddiq [Science and Engineering - Agricultural Science]: Andhra Pradesh
Mecca RafeequeAhmed [Trade and Industry]: Tamil Nadu
Prof. Mansoor Hasan [Medicine- Cardiology]: Uttar Pradesh
Prof. (Dr.) MadanurAhmed Ali [Medicine - Gastroenterology]: Tamil Nadu
Prof. Riyaz Punjabi [Literature and Education]: Jammu and Kashmir
Dr. Azad Moopen [Social work]: UAE

2010:
Gulam Mohammed Mir [Public Service]: Jammu & Kashmir
Ustad F. Wasifuddin Dagar [Art]: Delhi
Resul Pokutty [Art]: Kerala
Saif Ali Khan [Art]: Maharashtra
Prof. Hamidi Kashmiri [Literature and Education]: Jammu & Kashmir
Prof. Sadiq - Ur – Rahman Kidwai [Literature and Education]: Delhi
Irshad Mirza [Trade and Industry]: Uttar Pradesh

2009:
Dr. (Ms.) Ameena Ahmed Ahuja [Art]: Delhi
Hashmat Ullah Khan [Art]: Jammu & Kashmir
Shri Tafazzul Ali [Art]: Assam
Ameen Sayani [Commentary & Broadcasting]: Maharashtra
Prof. Jalees Ahmed Khan Tareen [Literature & Education]: Puducherry
Shamsur Rahman Faruqi [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Dr. Shaik Khader Noordeen [Medicine]: Tamil Nadu
Prof. Syed Iqbal Hasnain [Research on Himalayan Glaciers]: Delhi
Begum Bilkees I. Latif [Social Work]: Andhra Pradesh

2008:
Prof.(Dr.)K.S. Nisar Ahmed [Literature and Education]: Karnataka
Mohammad Yousuf Taing [Literature and Education]: Jammu & Kashmir
Haji Kaleem Ullah Khan [Mango Plantation and Grafting]: Uttar Pradesh

2007:
Khalid Zaheer [Social Work]: Uttarakhand
Dr. Mohsin Wali [Medicine]: Delhi
Mujtaba Hussain [Literature and Education]: Andhra Pradesh
Prof. Mushirul Hassan [Literature and Education]: Delhi
Dr.(Ms.) Syeda Saiyidain Hameed [Public Affairs]: Delhi
Dr. Yusufkhan Mohamadkhan Pathan [Literature and Education]: Maharashtra

2006:
Fatma Rafiq Zakaria [Literature and Education] : Maharashtra
Prof. Hakim Syed Zillur Rehman [Medicine] : Uttar Pradesh
Mehmood Dhaulpuri [Arts]: Delhi
Dr. Mehmooda Ali Shah [Literature and Education]: Jammu & Kashmir
Ustad Rashid Khan [Arts]: West Bengal
Sania Mirza [Sports]: Andhra Pradesh
Dr. Seyed Ehtesham Hasnain [Science and Engineering]:Andhra Pradesh
Shahnaz Husain [Trade and Industry]: Delhi

2005:
Amin Kamil [Literature & Education]: Jammu & Kashmir
Ustad Ghulam Sadiq Khan [Arts]: Delhi
Mehrunnisa Parvez [Literature & Education]: Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Muzaffar Ali [Arts]: Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Shah Rukh Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Shameem Dev Azad [Arts]: Delhi

2004:
Prof. Asifa Zamani [Literature & Education]: Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Dr. Syed Shah Mohammed Hussaini [Social work]: Gulberga, Karnataka

2003:
Aamir Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra; Cinema.
Manzoor Ehtesham [Literature & Education]: Madhya Pradesh
Ustaad Shafaat Ahmed Khan [Arts]: Delhi

2002:
Ustad Abdul Lateef Khan [Arts]: Madhya Pradesh
Fazal Mohammad [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh
Muzaffer Hussain [Literature & Education]: Maharashtra
Raj Begum [Arts]: Jammu & Kashmir

2001:
Amir Raza Hussain [Arts]: Delhi; Cinema.
Dr. Chittoor Mohammed Habibullah [Medicine]: Andhra Pradesh
Jeelani Bano [Literature and Education]: Andhra Pradesh
Khalid Abdul Hamid Ansari [Literature and Education]: Maharashtra,Journalism.
Prof. Mohammad Shafi [Science & Engineering]: Uttar Pradesh; Geography.
Lt. Gen.(Retd.) Mohammad Ahmad Zaki [Civil Service]: Andhra Pradesh
Mohammed Tayab Khan [Arts]: Jodhpur; craftsmanship.

2000:
Abdur Rahman Rahi [Literature & Education]: Jammu and Kashmir
Allah Rakka Rahman [Arts]: Tamil Nadu

1999:
Dr. Bashir Badr [Literature & Education]: Madhya Pradesh
Javed Jan Nisaar Akhtar [Arts]: Maharashtra
Dr. Rehmath Beegum Sailaniyoda [Medicine]: Andaman and Nicobar Island

1998:
Naushad Ismail Padamsee [Trade & Industry]: Maharashtra
P.I. Mohammed Kutty (Mammootty) [Arts]: Tamil Nadu

1993-97: No award given.

1992:
Dr. Khalid Hameed [Medicine]: United Kingdom
Mir Mushtaq Ahmed [Literature & Education]: Delhi
Ustad Sabri Khan [Arts]: Delhi
Prof. Saiyid Amir Hasan Abidi [Literature & Education]: Delhi

1991:
Ustad Ghulam Mustafa Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Ustad Hafeez Ahmed Khan [Arts]: Delhi
Mehmood-ur Rahman [Civil Service]: Jammu and Kashmir
Dr. Sardar Anjum [Literature & Education]: Punjab
Dr. (Ms.) Shareefunnisa Begum Ansari [Literature & Education]: Andhra Pradesh
Dr. Syed Hasan [Literature & Education]: Bihar

1990:
Asghari Bai [Arts]: Madhya Pradesh
Shri Mohammad Swaleh Ansari [Trade & Industry]: Uttar Pradesh

1989:
Dr. Kalim Ahmed Ajiz [Literature & Education]: Bihar
Shamsuddin Sheikh [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh

1988:
Ali Jawad Zaidi [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Mohammed Azharuddin [Sports]: Andhra Pradesh
Shabana Azmi [Arts]: Maharashtra
Zakir Hussain [Arts]: United States

1987:
Abdus Sattar [Literature & Education]: Assam
Mohd. Izhar Alam [Civil Service]: Bihar
Prof. Nazir Ahmed [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Begam Zaffar Ali [Social Work]: Jammu and Kashmir

1986:
Dr. Abdur Rahman [Literature & Education]: Delhi
Mohmmad Shahid [Sports]: Uttar Pradesh; Hockey.
Sheik Nazar [Arts]: Andhra Pradesh

1985:
Naseeruddin Shah [Arts]: Maharashtra
Prof. Syed Hasan Askari [Literature & Education]: Bihar

1984:
Mohammad Hamid Ansari [Civil Service]: Delhi
Dr. Mohmmed Khalilullah [Medicine]: Delhi
Quarratulain Hyder [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Roshan Kumari Fakir Mohammad [Arts]: Maharashtra
Sayed Abdul Malik [Literature & Education]: Assam
Dr. Syed Nasaar Ahmed Shah [Medicine]: Jammu and Kashmir
Zeinulabudin Gulam Hussain Rangoonwala [Social Work]: Maharashtra

1983:
Gulam Mohammed Sheikh [Arts]: Gujarat
Gulam Rusull Khan [Civil Service]: Jammu and Kashmir
Habib Tanvir [Arts]: Delhi
Dr Hassan Naseem Siddiquie [Science & Engineering]: Goa; lead Scientific

expedition to Antartica
Saliha Abid Hussain [Literature & Education]: Delhi
Ustad Sharafat Hussain Khan [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh

1982:
Hajjan Allah Jilai Bai [Arts]: Rajasthan
Dr. Jabbar Razak Patel [Arts]: Maharashtra
Kalimuddin Ahmed [Literature & Education]: Bihar
Syed M.H. Kirmani [Sports]: Karnataka
Vaikom Muhammad Basheer [Literature & Education]: Kerala

1981:
Abid Ali Khan [Literature & Education]: Andhra Pradesh
Capt. Fakir Mohhmed Jainuddin Juvale [Civil Service]: Maharashtra
Syed Haider Raza [Arts]: France

1978-1980: No award given.

1977:
Allarakha Khan Qureshi [Arts]: Jammu and Kashmir
Sheik Chinna Moulana [Arts]: Tamil Nadu
Gulam Rasul Santosh [Arts]: Delhi
Ismail Ahmed Cachalia [Social Work]: Gujarat
Sheikh Mohd. Rafique [Social Work]: Uttar Pradesh
Shri Mohd. Fayazuddin Nizami [Science & Engineering]: Andhra Pradesh
Dr. Sibte Hasan Zaidi [Science & Engineering]: Uttar Pradesh

1976:
Ustad Faiyyaz Ahmed Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Ismat Chugtai [Literature & Education]: Maharashtra
Mohd. Shafi Khan Bekal Utsahi [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Begum Mumtaz Jehan Mirza [Literature & Education]: Delhi
Parween Sultana : [Arts]: Maharashtra
Hakim Saifuddin Ahmed Hakim Saif [Medicine]: Uttar Pradesh
Prof. Syed Bashiruddin [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh

1975:
Dr. Ali Mohammad [Medicine]: Jammu and Kashmir
Amjad Ali Khan [Arts]: Delhi
Arjumand Wahabuddin Ahmed [Social Work]: Andhra Pradesh
Ivy Khan [Social Work]: Delhi
Syed Hussain Ali Jaffri [Social Work]: Delhi
Dr. Syed Zahoor Qasim [Civil Service]: Delhi

1974:
Abdul Sattar [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Ali Hasan Kallo Hafiz [Civil Service]: Uttar Pradesh
Gulam Qadir Lala [Trade & Industry]: Jammu and Kashmir
Ishrat Ali Siddiqui [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Kaifi Azmi [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Maryam Begum [Civil Service]: Jammu and Kashmir
Masuma Begum [Social Work]: Andhra Pradesh
Dr. Syed Zahoor Qasim [Civil Service]: Delhi

1973:
Dr. M.K. Malik Mohammad [Literature & Education]: Kerala

1972:
Sheikh Gulab [Civil Service]: Madhya Pradesh

1972:
Waheeda Rahman [Arts]: Maharashtra

1971:
Abdul Hayi alias Sahir Ludhianvi [Literature & Education]: Punjab
Ghouse Mohd Khan [Sports]: Andhra Pradesh
Gulam Rabbani Taban [Literature & Education]: Delhi
Maqbool Ahmed Lari [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Qadri Ragi Aziz Ahmed Khan Warai [Arts]: Andhra Pradesh
Syed Mohd. Mirza Mohazzab [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Zafar Rashid Futehally [Science & Engineering]: Maharashtra

1970:
Abdul Halim Jaffer Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Dr. Ghulam Ahmad Bandey [Science & Engineering]: Jammu and Kashmir
Masud Hassan Rizvi [Literature & Education]: Uttar Pradesh
Sikander Ali Wajd [Literature & Education]: Maharashtra
Syed Mohd. Moinul Haq [Sports]: Bihar

1969:
Khwaja Ahmed Abbas [Arts]: Maharashtra
Indrani Rahman [Arts]: Delhi; represnted India in international beauty

competition.
K.S.A. Khader Ghulam Mohideen [Trade & Industry]: Tamil Nadu

1968:
Shri Akhtar Mohiuddin [Literature & Education]: Jammu and Kashmir
Begum Akhtar [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh

1967:
Syed Abdul Quadir [Social Work]: Uttar Pradesh
Ali Sardar Jafri [Literature & Education]: Maharashtra
Mohammed Rafi [Arts]: Punjab
Nawab Mohd. Mansur Ali Khan Pataudi [Sports]: Delhi
Syed Fareeduddin [Science & Engineering]: Andhra Pradesh

1966:
Ebrahim Alkazi [Trade & Industry]: Delhi
Maqbool Fida Hussain [Arts]: Delhi
Mohammed Din Jagir [Social Work]: Jammu and Kashmir
Sayyid Ahmadullah Qadri [Literature & Education]: Andhra Pradesh

1965:
Hakim Abdul Hameed [Medicine]: Delhi

1964:
Ustad Vilayat Khan [Arts]: Refused to accept

1963:
Mahboob Khan [Arts]: Maharashtra
Prof. Rashid Ahmed Siddiqi [Literature & Education]: Delhi
Syed Mustaq Ali [Sports]: Madhya Pradesh

1962: No Muslim.

1961:
Ustad Bismillah Khan [Arts]: Uttar Pradesh

1959 & 1960: No Muslim.

1958:
Fatima Ismail [Social Work]: Maharashtra
Nargis [Arts]: Maharashtra

1956 & 1957: No Muslim.

1955:
Habibur Rahman [Science & Engineering] : Delhi
Humayun Mirza [Civil Service] : Karnataka
Zarina Currimbhoy [Social Work] : Maharashtra

List of Sahitya Akademi Award Winners

Every year since its inception in 1954, the Sahitya Akademi awards prizes to the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the major Indian languages recognised by it. The award carries a monetary component (Rs. 40, 000) and a plaque.

Award is given in 22 languages and Muslim names have figured in 8 languages[Assamese, Bengali, Kashmiri, Malyalam, Rajasthani, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu].

1950s
1955 Maal aur Mashiyat (Philosophical treatise) Zafar Hussain Khan [Urdu]
1956 Qaumi Tehzib Ka Masala (A survey of Indian culture) S. Abid Hussain [Urdu]
1957 Mir Taqi Mir (Literary criticism) K.A. Faruqui [Urdu]
1958 Sat Sangar (Short stories) Akhtar Mohi- ud- Din (Ghulam Mohiud- Din- Akhtar Wani) [Kashmiri]
1958 Atish-i-Gul (Poetry) `Jigar Muradabadi' (Ali Sikandar) [Urdu]
1959 Urdu Drama aur Stage (History of Urdu drama and stage) Syed Masud Hasan Rizvi [Urdu]

1960s
1961 Nauroz-i-Saba (Poetry) A. Rahman Rahi [Kashmiri]
1961 Diwan-i-Ghalib (A critical edition of Ghalib's poetry) Imtiaz Ali `Arshi' [Urdu]
1962 Yadein (Poetry) Akhtar-ul-Iman [Urdu]
1963 Aandhi Mein Chiragh (Sketches) K.G. Saiyidain [Urdu]
1967 Laveh Te Praveh (Poetry) Amin Kamil [Kashmiri]
1967 Patjhar Ki Awaz (Short stories) Qurratulain Hyder [Urdu]
1969 Ka `Shri Zab': Ny Hund Alleqavaad Phera (Linguistic study) Abdul Khaliq Tak Zainageri [Kashmiri]
1969 Bisat-Raqs (Poetry) Makhdum Mohiuddin [Urdu]

1970s
1970 Adhunikata O Rabindranath (Literary criticism) Abu Sayeed Ayyub [Bengali]
1970 Lahoo Ke Phool (Novel) Hayatullah Ansari [Urdu]
1970 Maqualaat (Essays) Mohiuddin Hajini [Kashmiri]
1971 Ghalib ki Shakhsiyat aur Shairi (Literary criticism) Rasheed Ahmad Siddiqui [Urdu]
1972 Suyya (Play) Ali Mohammad Lone [Kashmiri]
1972 Aghari Atmar Kahini (Novel) Syed Abdul Malik [Assamese]
1974 Nazar aur Nazariya (Literary criticism) Ale Ahmed Suroor [Urdu]
1975 Gaashir Munaar (Essays) Ghulam Nabi Khayal [Kashmiri]
1975 Awara Sajde (Poetry) Kaifi Azmi [Urdu]
1976 Khak-e-Dil (Poetry) *Jan Nisar Akhtar [Urdu]
1978 Hafiz aur Iqbal (Critcism) Yusuf Husain Khan [Urdu]
1979 Nawa-e-Awara (Poetry) Gulam Rabbani Taban [Urdu]
1979 Partavistan (Poetry) Marghoob Banihali [Kashmiri]

1980s
1980 Iqbal Ki Terah Nazmen (Literary criticism) A.A. Ansari [Urdu]
1984 Essay (Essays) Mohd. Zaman Azurdah [Kashmiri]
1984 Iqbal Ki Nazari-o-Amali Sheriyat (Criticism) Masud Husain Khan [Urdu]
1985 Lole Vetsar (Poetry) Mirza G.H. Beg Arif [Kashmiri]
1986 Tanquidi Afkar (Literary criticism) Shamsur Rahman Faruqi [Urdu]
1987 Khwab Ka Dar Band Hai (Poetry) A. M. K. Shahryar [Urdu]
1987 Awaz-i-Dost (Poetry) Mir Ghulam Rasool Nazki [Kashmiri]
1988 Pun-Te-Paap (Novel) Ghulam Nabi Gauhar [Kashmiri]
1988 Aatish-e-Chinar (Autobiography) *Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah [Urdu]

1990s
1990 Do Gaz Zameen (Novel) Abdus Samad [Urdu]
1990 Kashur Sarmaya (Poetry) Fazil Kashmiri [Kashmiri]
1991 Achhre Tsange (Poetry) Ghulam Nabi Tak Naazir [Kashmiri]
1991 Identity Card (Novel) Salahuddin Pervez [Urdu]
1992 Chautha Aasmaan (Poetry) Mohammed Alvi [Urdu]
1992 Amaar (Poetry) Shafi Shaida [Kashmiri]
1993 Kenh Natu Kenh (Essays) Syed Rasool Pompur [Kashmiri]
1993 Daivathinte Kannu (Novel) N.P. Mohammed [Malyalam]
1994 Pichhle Mausam Ka Phool (Poetry) Mazhar Imam [Urdu]
1994 Kaeji Raath (Play) Sajood Sailani [Kashmiri]
1994 Aleek Manush (Novel) Syed Mustafa Siraj [Bengali]
1995 Naar Hatun Kazal Wanas (Poetry) M. Farooq Nazki [Kashmiri]
1996 Fire Area (Novel) Ilyas Ahmad Gaddi [Urdu]
1997 Nai Che Nallan (Poetry) Rafiq Raaz [Kashmiri]
1997 Chaivu Narkali (Novel) Thoppil Mohamed Miran [Tamil]
1998 Mahjoor Shinasi (Criticism) Mohammad Yousuf Taing [Kashmiri]
1998 Khoya Hua Sa Kuch (Poetry) Nida Fazli [Urdu]
1999 Aas (Poetry) Bashir Badr [Urdu]
1999 Vahrat (Poetry) Rashid Nazki [Kashmiri]
1999 Aalapanai (Poetry) S. Abdul Rahman [Tamil]

2000s
2000 Sookhi Tahni Par Hariyal (Poetry) Mohd. Idrees Ambar Bahraichi [Urdu]
2001 Gharano (Novel) Abdul Vaheed "Kamal" [Rajasthani]
2001 Taoos Chaman Ki Maina (Short stories) Naiyer Masud [Urdu]
2001 Rikhah (Poetry) *Mohiud- Din- Gowhar [Kashmiri]
2002 Pursaan (Criticism) Naji Munawar [Kashmiri]
2003 Baad-E-Saba Ka Intizar (Short Stories) Syed Muhammad Ashraf [Urdu]
2004 Sada Te Samandar (Poetry) Gh. Nabi Firaq [Kashmiri]
2004 Shikasta Buton Ke Darmiyan (Short Stories) Salam Bin Razzak [Urdu]
2005 Ret par khema (Memoirs) Jabir Hussain [Urdu]
2005 Yath Miani Joye (Poetry) Hamidi Kashmiri [Kashmiri]
2006 Rasta Aur Main (Poetry) Makhmoor Saeedi [Urdu]
2006 Yaad Aasmanan Hinz (Poetry) Shafi Shauq [Kashmiri]
2007 Tareekh-e-Adab-e-Urdu (Criticism) Wahab Ashrafi [Urdu]
2008 Baazyaaft (Criticism) Gh. Nabi Aatash [Kashmiri]
2009 Vont (Criticism) Mishal Sultanpuri [Kashmiri]
2009 Thrikkotlur Novellukar (collection of Novellas) U.A. Khader [Malyalam]
2009 Ma-assir Tanqidi Rawayye (Criticism) Abul Kalam Qasmi [Urdu]

2010s
2010 Yiman Padan Me Vestar Gotshey (Criticism) Basher Bashir [Kashmiri]
2010 Kaluthunna Poolathota (Novel) Syed Saleem [Telugu]
2010 Gumshuda Dair Ki Gunjti Ghantiyan (Poetry) Sheen Kaaf Nizam [Urdu]
2011 Na Thsay Na Aks (Poetry) Naseem Shafaie [Kashmiri]
2011 Aafaaq ki Taraf (Poetry) Khaleel Mamoon [Urdu]

Sahitya-Akademi.org

List of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar awardees

The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (SSB) Prizes are awarded annually by the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) for notable and outstanding research, applied or fundamental, in Biological, Chemical, Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary, Engineering, Mathematical, Medical and Physical Sciences. The purpose of the prize is to recognize outstanding Indian work in science and technology. The award is named after the founder Director of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar and is known as the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology[1].

Any citizen of India engaged in research in any field of science and technology up to the age of 45 years is eligible for the Prize. The Prize is awarded on the basis of contributions made through work done primarily in India during the five years preceding the year of the Prize.

The SSB Prize comprising a citation, a plaque and a cash award of Rupees two lakh (Rs. 200,000).
--- from Wikipedia

1963: Sibte Hasan Zaidi [Medical Sciences]
1975: Obaid Siddiqi [Biological Sciences]
1978: Hassan Nasiem Siddiquie [Earth Sciences]
1983: Syed Mahmood Naqvi [Earth Sciences]
1995: Seyed Ehtesham Hasnain [Biological Sciences]
1995: Mustansir Barma [Physical Sciences]
1996: Syed Wajih Ahmad Naqvi [Earth Sciences]

1999-2002 data is not available.

2005: Dr Javed Naim Agrewala [Medical Sciences]
The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for the year 2005 in Medical Sciences has been awarded to Dr Javed Naim Agrewala of the Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh. Dr Agrewala has made significant contributions in understanding the bidirectional regulation of Th1 and Th2 cells. He has developed a novel and unique vaccination strategy for inducing protective immunity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

2006: Dr. Gufran-ullah Beig [Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean & Planetary Sciences]
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune
Dr Beig has made significant contributions related to middle and upper atmospheric response to anthropogenic emissions of green house gases. His prediction of mesospheric cooling by 2 to 4k/ decade has serious future
implications.

List of Test Cricket Players

Name : Career

2000s

Waseem Jaffer: 2000-
Mohammad Kaif: 2000-2004
Saba Karim: 2000
Zaheer Khan: 2000-
Iqbal Siddiqui: 2001
Irfan Pathan: 2003-
Munaf Patel: 2006-

1990s

1980s
Ghulam Parkar: 1982
Mohammad Azharuddin: 1985-2000
Arshad Ayub: 1987-1989
Rashid Patel: 1988

1970s
Syed Kirmani: 1976-1986

1960s
Salim Durrani: 1960-1973
Farokh Engineer: 1961-1975
Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi Jr: 1961-1975
Syed Abid Ali: 1967-1974

1950s
Ebrahim Maka: 1952-1953
Ghulam Guard: 1958-1960
Abbas Ali Baig: 1959-1967

1940s
Gul Mohammad: 1946-1952
Abdul Hafeez Kardar: 1946
Iftikhar Ali Khan, Nawab of Pataudi, Sr.: 1946
Amir Elahi: 1947
Khan Mohammad Ibrahim: 1948-1949
Ghulam Ahmed: 1949-1959

1930s
Jahangir Khan: 1932-1936
Nazir Ali: 1932-194
Mohammad Nissar: 1932-1936
Wazir Ali: 1932-1936
Dilawar Hussain: 1934-1936
Mushtaq Ali: 1934-1952
Mohammad Baqa Khan Jilani: 1936

List of Wisden Cricketers of the Year

"Each year, five cricketers are named as Wisden Cricketers of the Year in the pages of the Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, based primarily, although not exclusively, on their "influence on the previous English season". From 2000 to 2003, inclusive, the award was made based on all cricket around the world, but this ended in 2004 when the Wisden Leading Cricketer in the World award was introduced." --- from Wikipedia.

It is considered the ultimate honor for a cricketer. These are the Indian Muslims who have made it to that list.

1991 : Mohammad Azharuddin
1968 : Mansur Ali Khan Pataudi
1932 : Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi

List of Freedom Fighters Deported to Andamans

Freedom Fighters Deported to Andamans

List of Muslims is here, for a complete list please follow this link:

www.andamancellularjail.org

In Connection With First War of Independence, 1857
S.No. Title Name Province Comments

1 Allama Fazal Haque Khairabadi U.P. : died in prison
10 Gulab Khan M.P.
15 Liaqat Ali U.P.
18 Maulvi Syed Aluddin Hyderabad
19 Mahibullah M.P.
22 Mir Jafar Ali Thanesari
24 Noora M.P.
26 Qaim Khan M.P.
27 Sirajuddin M.P.
28 Seikh Formud Ali Assam
Mufti Inayat Ahmad Kakorwi ( ref. Muslims in India by Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi)
Mufti Mazhar Karim Daryabadi ( ref. Muslims in India by Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi)

Wahabi Rabels Deported to Andamans (1860 - 1870)
1 Maulana Ahmadulla Patan Trial, 1865 : died in prison
2 Amiruddin Maldah Trial, 1870
3 Ibrahim Mandal Rajmahal Trial, 1870
4 Md. Sher Ali : Sher Ali was given life imprisonment during the Wahabi movement against the British Raj. He assassinated Lord Mayo, Viceroy of India with a knife on 8th February, 1872. He was hanged on Viper Island.
5 Yahya Ali Ambala Trial, 1864 : died in prison.
6 Mohammad Shafi Lahori ( ref. Muslims in India by Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi)
7 Molvi Abdul Rahim Sadiqpuri ( ref. Muslims in India by Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi)

Moplah Rebels Deported to Andamans (1922 - 1924)
1 Neliiparamban Alavi Haji
2 Kolaparamban Kunjalavi
3 Kozhisseri Koya Kutty
4 Ambattuparamban Saidalippa
5 Kayakkatiparambil Kunjeni
6 Machingal Rayin
7 Kuthukallan Kunjara
8 Chungath Athan
9 Variyath Valappil Ahammed Kutty
10 Mattummal Ahammed Kutty
11 Pooyikunnan Marakkar
12 Machincheri Alavi
13 Pokat Koyami
14 Puthampeedikayil Kunjikader Molla
15 Mukri Kunjayammu
16 Poolakuyyil Kunhi Moideen Kutty
17 Poovakundil Alavi
18 Neehiyil Kunjeedu
19 Aripra Pocker
20 Mattummal Marakkar
21 Chakkupurakkal Kutty Hasan

FREEDOM FIGHTERS INCARCERATED IN CELLULAR JAIL (1909-1921)

1 Ali Ahmed Siddiqui Punjab
5 Mujtaba Husain United Province

FEEDOM FIGHTERS INCARCERATED IN (CELLUALR JAIL 1932-1938)

181 Md. Ibrahim Alias Tarapada Bengal
297 Sarajul Huque Bengal

List of Parliamentarians

1 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=22 Total Members=466
2 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=19 Total Members=474
3 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=26 Total Members=500
4 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=28 Total Members=505
5 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=32 Total Members=510
6 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=33 Total Members=533
7 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=51 Total Members=551
8 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=48 Total Members=538
9 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=31 Total Members=529
10 Lok Sabha: Muslim members=21 Total Members=535
11 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=24 Total Members=545
12 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=27 Total Members=545
13 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=30 Total Members=568
14 Lok Sabha: Muslim Members=32 Total Members=545

List of Muslim Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha members:

List of State Legislators

Rajasthan
12th Assembly

Constituency: Name of Member (Party)
Tizara: Sh. Amaduddin Ahmed Khan (INC)
Ramgarh: Sh. Juber Khan (INC)
Nagar: Sh. Mohammad Mahir Azad (INC)
Deedwana: Sh. Yoonus Khan (BJP)
Fatehpur: Sh. Bhanwaru Khan (INC)